6 50 4772 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F329749fd42c233cf6cd2c02dc34e1314.JPG 98d42c9d88f2243abec0c2b50adc08dd https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F41556d64837fd14beb77a5c103e2ec43.mp4 d7ae61c1201c7caca4f3f86fbd36c455 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Post-1943 Oral Histories Subject The topic of the resource Oral histories with residents about the Hanford area during and following the Second World War Description An account of the resource Oral histories with residents about the Hanford area during and following the Second World War Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Robert Franklin Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Larry Gabaldon Location The location of the interview Washington State University Tri-Cities Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Robert Franklin: My name is Robert Franklin. I am conducting an oral history interview with Larry Gabaldon on July 11, 2017. The interview is being conducted on the campus of Washington State University Tri-Cities. I will be talking with Larry about his experiences working at the Hanford Site. And for the record, can you state and spell your full name for us? Larry Gabaldon: Larry Gabaldon. G-A-B-A-L-D-O-N. Franklin: And L-A-R-R-Y? Gabaldon: Larry? Yes. Franklin: Okay. So, Larry, tell me how and why you came to the area to work for the Hanford Site. Or, are you from the area? Gabaldon: No, I’m from, originally from New Mexico. Franklin: Okay. Gabaldon: And I went in the service for four years, and I had a brother-in-law that worked up here in farming and chicken, or egg producing field. And he says, when you get out of the service, if you need a job, come on up. So I came up to work for him, and within six months or so, people told me, you should go out and work in the Area and make big money. And I—what area? I had no clue. So I looked into it and I joined the electrical union and within 11 months or so I was out there working. Franklin: What year was it that you— Gabaldon: 1977. Franklin: Okay. So did you have electrician training in the service then, or how did you get into that field? Gabaldon: No, other than—this sounds crazy, but wiring chicken houses. But these are huge, you know, they’re 80,000 chickens per house. So they’re huge commercial operation. And the processing plants and stuff. So I was an electrician there and I learned a lot in a hurry and was running crews and stuff like that. And I’m bilingual so that helped a lot. So anyway, I didn’t know anybody in the electrical field, you know, out here where a lot of people, you either need to have a relative or a friend or somebody that could help you get in. Like I said, I was only here for about 11 months. Anyway, they hired me. Franklin: And what was the first job you had out on the Site? Gabaldon: The 300 Area, as an electrician—electrician apprentice. I tried to drive right onto the 300 Area, it’d be the north gate. And got stopped. [LAUGHTER] And a superintendent was coming out at the same time. He says, oh, you must be the new electrician apprentice. So he kind of escorted me over to the electrical trailer. Franklin: So were there still the buses in those days, or--? Gabaldon: Yes, yeah there was. Franklin: Oh, okay. But you didn’t know about the buses, or—did you not— Gabaldon: No, they said report out to the 300 Area and I drove right out there. Yeah, I didn’t—it was all new to me. Franklin: Yeah, I bet. Did you know right away what was being made at Hanford, or did you just know it was a good-paying job? Gabaldon: As I started, you know, getting closer and closer, I was learning more and more about it. I was asking a lot of questions. Of course, as soon as I went out there, they’re telling me to put these coveralls on and all this plastic stuff. And, why? [LAUGHTER] There’s a lot of people that just didn’t want to do it. They’d just quit. As soon as they’d tell them they had to put all this PPE, they’d just, nope, I’ll go somewhere else and work. But it was interesting. And you understand it. It made sense then, anyway. Franklin: What do you mean? Gabaldon: As far as, you know, protecting yourself from contamination. Franklin: Oh, yeah. Did you find it challenging to run electrical lines and do electrician work in the PPE? Gabaldon: Sure, sure. It was hotter. It was probably the worst thing about it. You know, it was a lot of time consuming. Things go at a slow pace out there. By the time you get dressed and get in and get out, there’s a lot to it. Franklin: Did you work with guys who were around your age, or were there some senior guys in the— Gabaldon: I would say most of them were senior. They’d been around there for a while. And then there was a few newcomers like me. But, yeah, most of them were senior. Franklin: What types of buildings did you work out and support out at the 300 Area? Gabaldon: Well, just pretty much all of them. I mean, 300 Area had a pretty diverse type of buildings. There was—I’m trying to remember the buildings, but 305, 308, some of the things that stuck out were the labs—not labs, the cells down there. I’m not sure what they call them now. The lead cells with these big windows, lead windows. I mean, it was a big operation to penetrate those for a conduit or for electrical wires. You know, they had manipulators that went in and out, and we actually used the manipulators to help if we could. Franklin: Oh, really? Gabaldon: Oh, yeah. To pull wire. I mean, you feed it in from the outside. And I’ve been in the cells. I had to dress up. And those cells are only probably eight by eight, if that. And then they’re full of junk, full of piping. Once they put it in there, they don’t take it out. So it just keeps getting cluttered. And then now you’re dressed up with a full two pair of coveralls and plastics and usually fresh air. And gloves, you’ve got three pairs of gloves on. Franklin: I imagine that gets really—I mean not only does that decrease your manual dexterity, but I imagine that gets unbearably hot. Gabaldon: Sure, that’s what I mean. Franklin: How would you guys deal with that? Especially in the summertime. Gabaldon: Well, there was—not so much—time was a big thing. Just limit your time in there. And then radiation limited your time quite a bit, too. But out in 100-N, we’d go out there for outages, and they actually had icepacks. A vest that they’d keep in the freezers, and they’d put these icepacks on you. They’d last, you know, an hour. Of course, now, they’re heavy. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: I was going to say, that seems— Gabaldon: So they’d melt and now you’re carrying this water around. Franklin: Wow, that sounds—I mean, I guess you’d appreciate that inside, but that sounds really uncomfortable at first. Gabaldon: Mm-hmm. And then fresh air—there’s a purge system on those things that blows air, and you could keep somewhat fresh air blowing on your face at least. Franklin: And was that a tank that—or was it a hose—would you carry the fresh air in with you, or was it a hose that— Gabaldon: Both. It’s both. We carried tanks on our backs, if it was too far in, too remote. But if it was within, I think, I can’t remember, 300 feet or better—about 300 feet, I think, was the max, you could run the hoses. Franklin: Wow. Gabaldon: Hoses, of course, were unlimited. You could stay a little bit longer and, like I say, use lots of air. Where the tanks, they would run out. Franklin: Right, yeah, and you don’t want to run out. Gabaldon: No. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: In one of those cells. So you started as an apprentice. And how long did it take for you to become a full electrician? Gabaldon: Four years. Four years, at least. Franklin: Is that pretty standard? Gabaldon: It’s five years now. Yeah. But I got in just right before that. Franklin: Oh, okay. Kind of got grandfathered in. Gabaldon: Yeah. Franklin: What were some of the unique challenges, in your mind, to working at a place like Hanford, versus a more commercial building? Gabaldon: Well, I guess that, the radiation was probably one of the biggest. Having to dress up and having to do things in a way that you can pull wire in, you can’t pull it out. Everything goes into a cell or into a contaminated area, but very little comes out. Franklin: Yeah, what would you do if you had to change wiring or run—you know, you had old wiring in the way. What would you do in that case? Gabaldon: Well, like I said, you would pull it, but you can’t—it might be easy to pull it out, but you can’t. You’ve got to pull it in. Contamination, you don’t want to be spreading it. So it would all go in. Once it was in, it was trash. It was contaminated trash. So it had to be disposed of a particular way. So once it was trash, we didn’t deal with it. Laborers would come in and dispose of it some way. Franklin: Oh, okay. So it wouldn’t—all of it wouldn’t accumulate but maybe certain types of things would. Gabaldon: Sure. Depending on how contaminated it was. So, you know, the HPTs or the techs there would determine that. Franklin: What was the most I guess frustrating space that you ever had to work in as an electrician, or job that presented the most challenges to you, onsite? Gabaldon: Well, those cells come to mind. It’s in the 300 Area there, but there’s a place where railroad cars back in there and they fill them with waste of who-knows-what. But we were just working on the building and the heaters and the lights and stuff like that. We’re in a man lift, a JLG, I don’t know what they call them, but anyway, a basket. We were trying to keep the machine from getting contaminated, so they’re trying to protect the tires and stuff. And then it extends out above this train and the closer you got to this train car, the more the radiation, the dose rate was higher. So you were always worried about that dose rate. But they had all kinds of gizmos and gadgets for timers and all these pencils. So they were keeping pretty good track of you. Franklin: The pencil dosimeters? Gabaldon: That’s a dosimeter you carry all the time. But when it was a higher dose, they gave you, I want to say a patty. But it was a timer and it measured radiation, and you were allowed so many, you know, I think it was 300 millirem a week? I forget what the doses were. But anyway they would set it 20-30% lower than that, so as soon as that went off, you had to come out. And that was frustrating, as to—you’re just about done, and it goes, beep, beep, beep, you’ve got to get out! Franklin: Wow. Gabaldon: And so you come out. And then you may not be able to go back in, so somebody else has to go in. So you’ve got to explain everything to them and what you did and how to finish it. Franklin: Did that happen— Gabaldon: Oh, constantly. Franklin: Constantly? Gabaldon: Yeah. And out in the outer areas, 100-N especially, they called them burn outs, where they would take us in on a Friday afternoon and we would work for maybe two hours and we would get burned out for that week. Which, like I say, if it was 300, we would get up there about 280 or so in the dose rate. So we’re done for the week. Well, the new week started at 4:30, whenever we got off work. So they’d pay us overtime, and now we’re on the next week, so they would send us in for another two hours, and they’d burn us out for the next week. So now we’re no good for two weeks—or at least for another week. So they’d send us back here to the 300 Area. Franklin: Oh, wow. Gabaldon: So they’d rotate all the people out there. But you’d only get it to go in there for maybe an hour or two hours. Not a whole lot you can do. And then like I said, you’re done; somebody else is going to take over. Franklin: That sounds like that would be really complicated to do a large project in that kind of— Gabaldon: Oh, yeah. Franklin: --situation. Gabaldon: The pipefitters, I’ve seen where they were running in, making three or four turns on a wrench or a pipe wrench and right back out. And then here comes another guy right behind him, doing the same thing until they would tighten a fitting or a bolt or whatever they’re doing. But it may take four or five people to do one bolt or one fitting. Just because they can only be in there two or three minutes. Franklin: Right. Gabaldon: So I never had to get real close to that, thank God. Franklin: Yeah, that sounds like that’s pretty—you would be working in a pretty hot area. Gabaldon: Yeah, real hot areas. Franklin: Wow. What was the most challenge—I already asked you that one. What was the most rewarding job that you—or project you supported in your time onsite? Gabaldon: Wow, there’s quite a few. I’m trying to remember some of them, but a lot of them—there’s the 331 Building, where they had a lot of animals. They were doing all kinds of studies on them. We would watch the progression of them, you know, the animals, some animals had been there for years, and others were just coming in. We would set up whatever they needed as far as electrical support. So we would be able to watch something from the start and right through the end, we could see the whole thing. Even if we were finished with that, we’d be on another project right next to it or close by. So we could see the finished product, I guess. Where a lot of places, you know, you go in and they tell you pull wire from A to B, and you do that, and that’s your job and that’s all you know. But what did the wire do, what’s it for? And the same thing, another crew went in and said, run conduit from A to B and had no idea what. The 300 Area, we got to do everything. We ran the conduit, ran the wire, hooked it up, and turned it on and tested it. So you know, we’d walk away when it’s complete. Franklin: Right. But certainly—if I get what you’re saying, there was a greater level of detailed completeness at Hanford because you were— Gabaldon: Well, the 300 Area. Franklin: 300 Area. Gabaldon: Yes. Speaking of which, where I—I started in the 300 Area. Eventually I ended up at some of the bigger plants: Hanford 1 and 4, Hanford 2. Anyway, they were big jobs. And I got into a little bit of that where you have a print that only shows this part of the building, and it says run from here to here. You have no idea why. And you’ll never see the end of it; you’ll never see the finished product. It was not as—you went home whether you did something or not, it didn’t mean anything. It didn’t have any meaning to it. Where, here, you know, you looked forward to, we’re almost done, we’re going to finish this, we’re going to make it work. Franklin: So you liked the kind of—sounds like it was more of like a collegiate or community at 300. Gabaldon: Oh, yeah. Franklin: Because of—maybe you’re saying because of the smaller buildings or the—kind of how things were, there were a lot of different small projects in 300 Area, versus really large ones. Gabaldon: Yes. And they were all smaller projects. There was a few larger projects where—not very many buildings went up, but—where you might work on the same project for a couple, three months. But usually it was smaller stuff. Just building a greenhouse around a building so that they can open up hatches into a hot area. Of course we’d have to put in ventilation and lighting and maybe heating. Just creature— Franklin: Why would they need to do that? Gabaldon: Where are they? There’s pits, they’re, I want to say, valve pits. So the fitters need to go in there and change valves, replace valves or fix valves, whatever. But these pits are—you know, they’re fenced off, and then you go in closer and they’re concrete pits and they’ve got big, concrete lids. Those are all sealed up. I don’t know what—they’re obviously pumping something contaminated or hot. So they go in and build a greenhouse, encase, enclose it. And of course now they need lights. But then they need ventilation to change the air out. Then they come in with a crane and pull these big concrete lids and expose it. So everything’s got to be contained. And there may be some electrical work in there, too. Franklin: So it sounds like it’s a pretty big greenhouse, then, if it can accommodate a crane. Gabaldon: Well, no, the crane—they would open up a small opening, just for the cable. Franklin: Oh, okay, gotcha. Gabaldon: Yeah, big crane sitting outside somewhere. And then as soon as it’s done, they kind of—and there you go again with the contamination. That cable, they’re doing everything they can to keep the part of the cable that comes in the greenhouse covered. They cover it with plastic or something, and they’re checking it as it comes out. I hear about locomotives and bulldozers and everything else being buried out there because they’re contaminated. Rather than trying to clean them up, they just bury them. Franklin: Yeah, that’s—a lot of what’s in that tunnel that collapsed recently is material of that nature. Gabaldon: They don’t know what— Franklin: A guy described it to me as contaminated solids—solid equipment. It’s not waste as we think about waste, but, yeah, containing liquid and it was too costly or impractical to decontaminate. Gabaldon: Right, right. Franklin: So how long did you work in the 300 Area for? Gabaldon: Off and on for 23 or 24 years, 25 years, I suppose. Franklin: Oh, wow, okay. Gabaldon: I worked a total of 27 years, but the last, oh, I’d say, in that total time, maybe three or four years, I worked, oh, in town here locally. And then some of the bigger projects. But, like I said, I didn’t care for the kind of work. As soon as I had a chance to go back to the 300 Area, I was ecstatic when I got to go back there. Franklin: Yeah? What other projects did you—you said you did shutdown out at N Reactor. Gabaldon: 100-N, yes. Franklin: Right? And how long did you do that for? Gabaldon: I did quite a few of the burnouts I was telling you about. We’d go out there for maybe a week or two at a time. And it was still kind of a loan basis, where, maybe low on work where we were, and they needed help out there, so we’d go out there and work for them. Franklin: And also maybe low on exposure, too. Gabaldon: Well, that was where the burnouts were, yeah. Franklin: Yeah, right, right. So they could take you and kind of send you back to the 300 Area. Gabaldon: We would get small doses in the 300 Area, and sporadically here and there. But out there, you definitely got a big dose. Franklin: In these burnouts, what kind of work exactly—to get that amount of dose in a couple hours, you must’ve been working kind of near the core, or--? Gabaldon: Well, we were supporting pipefitters, most of the time. And I just remember big tanks and having to crawl under these tanks to get on the other side of them—that’s the only way you could access—and set up lighting for whatever their project was. So we had to drag cords and these quartz lights. Franklin: How much space did you have to go under these tanks? Gabaldon: Oh. I would say less than two feet. Probably 18 or—very little. Franklin: And you were in PPE? Gabaldon: Two pair of coveralls and plastic and then, I believe, fresh air. Fresh air with a hose. Franklin: Wow, and dragging equipment. Gabaldon: Oh yeah. Franklin: There was no other way to get to the other side of these— Gabaldon: No. I got contaminated in that instance there. I got contaminated. There was—like I say, they told me to go in, and there was a ladder. Go down the ladder, under these tanks and set up lighting. So with these masks, you have these big canisters and your field of vision is pretty limited. So when you—to look at something, you can’t just look at it; you’ve got to turn your head. So, anyway, I had to back down this ladder and I’m trying to get all these hoses to give enough slack. And the ladder stuck up—but it wasn’t a ladder, it was just a, I want to say homemade, but it was made with steel, and it must’ve been longer but the cut it off with a torch. So it had really rough, sharp edges on top. I’m looking at the ladder, and I turned around to go down the ladder backwards, and when I did, when I backed up, it poked me in the back of my leg. And I’m like, oh, there it is, okay, so I moved over, and okay now I’ve got ahold of both ladders and I slowly went down the ladder. And then I crawled under these tanks. Well, it’s wet down there, very wet. That’s why we were wearing plastic. And I had a hole in the plastic that I didn’t know about. So anyway I got some moisture in there. When we came out, they—you walk in with your arms spread and laborers that are cutting tape and cutting plastic and taking it off away from you to keep you clean. And then you go to the next step-off pad and they take your first layer of coveralls off. And they kind of check you real quick. Anyway, I was screaming on the back of my leg. So anyway, they kind of set me off aside. They did go back and find my coveralls and find my plastics and they found where it was torn and they found the wet spot on the coveralls. Whatever liquid it was, it was contaminated. So I had to take probably four showers, scrubbing with Tide detergent laundry soap, scrubbing my leg, trying to— Franklin: Your bare leg. Gabaldon: Yes. Franklin: Oh, wow. Gabaldon: Just about my butt, really. But the upper leg. But I was just about raw by the time—and it was still—it was 200 counts or less, but they could still read something there. But they said if they could get it down to 200 or less they’d let me go. Franklin: Okay. And they finally did? Gabaldon: They finally did. They kept my underwear. Franklin: What’s that? Gabaldon: They kept my underwear. Franklin: Kept your underwear? [LAUGHTER] Never got that back? Gabaldon: Nope. Franklin: Probably for the best. Was there any follow-up examination? Gabaldon: No, no. Franklin: And has that spot ever given you any trouble? Gabaldon: No. Not as far as I know. Franklin: Well, that’s good. Good to have caught it so quickly. I guess maybe it being wet down there may have— Gabaldon: Well, that’s what spread it, I’m sure. Franklin: Yeah, yeah. But I guess that’s also—you’d know real quick if you had a hole in your PPE if there was moisture. Gabaldon: Well, I didn’t feel it. But they sure caught it real quick. Franklin: Wow. Well, that’s good. I mean, that’s good for the safety aspect. Gabaldon: Yeah, I guess so. Franklin: That sounds like a very challenging job, you know, to crawl under tanks with all that equipment. Gabaldon: Yeah, it is, and you—yeah, I was young then, and it wasn’t a big deal. But I think about some of the older guys that are having to do that. It’s claustrophobic and it’s hard to breathe in those masks. And then you start exerting yourself, you can get overheated pretty quick. Franklin: I bet. And there’s no way to take that stuff off and get some fresh air. Gabaldon: No. Well, the thing to do is to come out. You’ve just got to come out. Franklin: Wow. And so you said you worked out at 100-N. Did you work out at any other— Gabaldon: The Tank Farms, sure. I worked at the Tank Farms for I think a year or so. Franklin: Oh, and what did you do at the Tank Farms? Gabaldon: The Tank Farms, you know, they call them farms, they’re just fenced-in areas above tanks. And all the piping that goes in and out of the tanks is there. They’re either—whatever they’re—who knows what they’re doing. But mostly, when I was there, it was mostly trying to figure out how to clean these tanks up or how to pump them out or how to examine them. So just a lot of sensors, a lot of—oh, gosh, I don’t know. Valves, electric valves, stuff like that. But same thing, you’re dressed in quite a bit of clothing, coveralls. If there was going to be any moisture at all, you’d be in plastic. There was a lot of scares, a lot of vapors and stuff that people were either getting sick or getting—smelling something. So it got to the point where it was required to have fresh air when you’d go into these areas. Of course, it kind of funny that a little chain, or a ribbon—on one side you had to have a mask and fresh air, and right on the other side of it, you’re okay. [LAUGHTER] Wide open. Franklin: Seems kind of arbitrary. Gabaldon: Yeah, so. I don’t know. It’s hard to—you know, you did what they told you to do. And I guess you had to trust and go on their, on all these machines that, the sensors that are trying to detect all this stuff. Franklin: Yeah, I guess that would need a lot of electrical support. Make sure those sensors are constantly running. Gabaldon: And all that. Yeah, it was important. Franklin: Yeah, yeah. You also worked in the 400 Area, too, right? Gabaldon: Oh, yeah, yeah. Franklin: At FFTF? Gabaldon: Yes. Franklin: FFTF, was that still operational when you worked— Gabaldon: It was just—it was operational at first, but then they went through the whole phase where they shut it down, and they tried to keep it up and they tried to maintain it. I remember changing batteries out for—not sure—some kind of a backup system in there. And then there’s some kind of heaters on the sodium loop that we worked on quite a bit. Franklin: Oh, to keep the sodium— Gabaldon: Keep the sodium liquid. And that was a big deal when they finally shut the power down to that, where that sodium solidified and there was no going back after that, I guess. Franklin: Yeah. Gabaldon: But the building right next to it, MASF. I started on that from the ground up. Franklin: And what is MASF? Gabaldon: Maintenance and Storage Facility for FFTF. Franklin: Oh, okay. Gabaldon: It’s a square building right next to the dome. Franklin: Yeah, okay. Yes. Yeah, our project I work on, our collection of historic objects and archives used to be right in the 400 Area, right across the street from that building. We were in a warehouse out there. Gabaldon: Okay. Franklin: So that’s the only site I’ve really been to with any real frequency. Gabaldon: Oh, yeah? Franklin: And I guess it’s one of the few that’s still mostly intact, too. Everything is original— Gabaldon: Yeah, I’m not sure what—I haven’t followed it, but FFTF is just sitting there— Franklin: Yeah, it’s kind of eerie that you drive up and the old guard shack is still there, you know, and the parking lots are starting to get overgrown with weeds. There’s still a few people that are staged out there. But it’s mostly, they just use most of the warehouses for storage now, and no one’s really in the facility, except to monitor. Gabaldon: Yeah. In that building, there’s a huge crane— Franklin: In MASF? Gabaldon: Yes. Franklin: And what was that for? Gabaldon: Well, just moving stuff around in there. It had a huge garage door on one end where they could bring in—just huge tanks. I want to say railroad tracks went in there. Franklin: Mm. And what kind of work was involved constructing a facility from the waist—heh, from the waist up—from the ground up, at Hanford? Gabaldon: Well, obviously, a lot of big power to go into that building. So all the main power coming in, huge conduit, six-inch conduits, in the ground and ditches. Like I say, it was just a big hole in the ground when I started. So we ran all the power in there and stubbed it up where it needed to come up. And then we watched it slowly coming up. Then they started pouring concrete, and then they started building the steel structure. I remember—this is how far back it was—running conduit on the steel structure, I could walk on an eight-inch beam, 40 feet on the air, and sit on it and hang underneath it and put a piece of conduit on, and stand up and walk another ten feet and do it again. Anymore, you’ve got to be tied off. Franklin: Oh, so you were just up there. Gabaldon: Well, the ironworkers were doing it, and I thought, well, I’ve got to get out there, too. I wasn’t afraid of it; it didn’t bother me or anything. But it makes me laugh kind of. The things that we would’ve gone through if we tried to do it now, with all the safety and stuff involved. Franklin: Yeah, wow. What other types of equipment went into MASF that you helped install? Gabaldon: Like I say, when we did it, it was brand-new. I mean, it was big, wide, open space. There was very little in there. We went back, from the 300 Area, we would support that whenever they needed something. But there wasn’t a whole lot except for a little maintenance here and there. But just, it seemed like a big, open area. It’s so big that one little project was over here in the corner, and some other little project over here. But as far as what they were, I have no idea. Like I say, we just supported the building. Franklin: And you also worked in the emergency response center at what’s known as WPPSS? Gabaldon: Yes, okay. Franklin: Yeah, and what did you do there? Gabaldon: That was just pretty much a big office building, a few, I don’t want to say labs. But nothing out of the ordinary, just brand-new, and hundreds and hundreds of lights, hundreds and hundreds of plugs and receptacles and, you know what I mean? So just real basic mundane electrical work. Franklin: Oh, okay, so you weren’t called out to do electrical stuff from there, you were supporting that— Gabaldon: We built the building. Franklin: You built the building with all the lights and switches and everything had to go. Gabaldon: Yeah, the actual construction of the building. Franklin: I imagine an office takes probably a bit more—it’s probably a bit more repetitive, mundane and— Gabaldon: Yeah, a lot of—that’s what I say, a lot of repetitive, office after, one after another, everything the same over and over again. It got to be a race. How many offices can we do in one day? Or how many, whatever. You put up 100 lights today instead of, you know. Yesterday we only got 80, today we got 100. Franklin: Right, kind of challenging yourself. Gabaldon: That was the only challenge we—you know? Franklin: Yeah, the challenge wasn’t like, how do we run this wire through here in this one-of-a-kind installation? Gabaldon: No. No, it wasn’t. Now maybe at the big sites. The cooling towers, 1 and 4, I believe—or maybe it was Hanford 2. But I remember, the huge wire. Are you familiar with wire, 500mcm? Franklin: I’m not. Gabaldon: 500 millimeters—million centimeters—mcm, I’m not sure what that standards for. Anyway, it’s huge wire. It’s almost an inch in diameter. And then they’d run, there’s three legs for three-phase power. So they’d run three for A face, three for B face, three for—so there’d be nine wires plus grounds and stuff. So there’s a bundle of wire that’s huge. Pulling that wire, I mean, normally, you use some kind of a machine to pull it. It’s just, physically, it’s too much to handle. And the requirements were no mechanically—cannot be pulled mechanically. It’s got to be pulled by hand. So that was, you know, there’d be 30 or 40 of us. It’s like a team of horses—a team of people. You’d just line up, and when it was time to do that, you would bring the whole crew and they’d literally pull it by hand because they weren’t allowed to pull it with a machine. Franklin: How come they weren’t allowed to pull it with a machine? Gabaldon: Some silly spec that said that. You know, I guess not to hurt the wire. With a machine you can nick the wires or damage them in some way. Either way, it takes x amount of force to pull this wire. Whether it’s manmade force, horses, or a machine, you still have to pull that hard. But they made us do it by hand, so. I kind of—I just—you know—questioned it, but I mean, what do you? You just do what you want them to do. Franklin: Right, if that’s the spec, that’s the spec. Gabaldon: Yeah. The control room in Hanford 2, they were just getting ready to start it up. So it was just in the finishing phases, just the last things getting done. I was working in the control room, and I went out there. They hired me, and I went right directly to the control room, I remember. And they said—they gave us all kinds of brushes and dusters, like them plumes, like peacock feathers, I think they are? Some kind of a feather, brushes, you name it. There was cabinets, they kind of went around in circles somewhat, and there was just rows and rows and rows of them. And there was just millions of terminations in there, wire terminations. Our job was to dust these terminations. And I was surprised because they’re live electrical terminations; I don’t know how much voltage was in there. But we had to go in there and with a little brush dust them. And—okay. So you’d open up a cabinet and you’d start at the top and work your way down and dust all the way down. There was two of us, I believe. And it took us three days, I believe, to get through that whole control room. And, okay, we’re done. We came back and said, okay, what do you want us to do now? And he says, you got that done? Yeah, we got it. And he says, well, do it again. [LAUGHTER] I thought, again? Didn’t take long to figure out they’re basically killing time. They just wanted us to be busy there, waiting for, I guess something else to come up. They wanted to keep us entertained or busy. So we dusted them again! [LAUGHTER] But one job I’d like to have seen—once they started, everybody had to come out of there, so. But we were close to when it started, when Hanford 2 started production. Anyway. Franklin: Yeah. And so later, the 300 Area began to close down, right? So you were moved out of there. And where did you go to? Gabaldon: Oh, wow. I believe the Tank Farms. Franklin: Okay. Gabaldon: I think the Tank Farms is where I went. I spent a couple years—a year or two, maybe a year-and-a-half there. And then I went out to, it’s called East and West. There’s that two— Franklin: 200. Gabaldon: They’re two identical reactors? Franklin: Separations facilities, processing. Gabaldon: Okay. So I was there for you know four or five months. Then I went out to somewhere out there. Oh, gosh, it’s one of the most, the highest security jobs. Franklin: PFP? 234-5? Gabaldon: Dash-5, Dash-5. And like I said, I wasn’t even there long enough to, oh, get to know the place. I just remember lots of high security. We’d have to drive our service trucks in there, and they’d have to be searched everyday. We actually built an exercise room for the security officers. Franklin: Oh, so the— Gabaldon: Inside there. So that they wouldn’t have to come out to exercise; they could just go to work and stay in there, and just exercise and work out. Franklin: Boy, that sounds kind of nice. Gabaldon: Yeah, it was. Franklin: An exercise room when you’re— Gabaldon: It was a nice room. Franklin: You mentioned they searched your truck. Gabaldon: Oh, yeah. Franklin: Did you get searched personally as well, or--? Gabaldon: We had to go through a metal detector. And of course show our badges and stuff. So you’d park the truck, and walk back through and go through metal detectors and then walk back around, get in the truck and drive in. Franklin: How else did security impact your work while you were there? Did they monitor—were they monitoring you, or--? Gabaldon: Well there were places there that there was security all the time. They were, I don’t want to say watching you every second, but they were real close by. Franklin: Mm-hmm. Was that level of security different to you than the other places you had worked out on Site? Gabaldon: It seemed higher, a little bit higher, but not a whole lot. Franklin: You were pretty used to that routine? Gabaldon: Yes. Yeah, just whatever they want, you know? You can’t—you’re not going to bunk the system, you know. Why are you doing that? Don’t ask questions. Or you know, they might tell us, you can’t go in there today. Okay. Find something else to do, because you just weren’t going to go in there until whatever was wrong was cleared. So there was a lot of that. Franklin: How far up—did you end up leading your own crew at one point at Hanford? Or where’d you work your way up your organizational structure? Gabaldon: Well, I don’t know if I worked my way up too far, I mean, as an electrician, a journeyman, and then a foreman. But that’s about as far as I went. Franklin: Did you go to foreman? Gabaldon: Yeah, yeah. Franklin: Okay. Gabaldon: And that changed—when we had lots of people working, when we had a big project, they’d say, okay, Larry, you’re, you know, going to be a foreman over this. Then we would get down to, I believe, four to six men, so there was only one foreman, so the rest of us were workers. So they would kind of cut us back. Then as soon as we’d get more work where they needed more, we would bring in travelers or temporary-type help, okay, to do bigger jobs. So that’s when— We had a few outages while we were changing out the services in some of the buildings out there in 300 Area. I’m trying to remember the names of the buildings. As you drove in the—what is this south, the G-Way, if you go straight in, is that the south gate? Franklin: Yeah, I think so. Gabaldon: As you go right into the gate, there was a library on the left side? Franklin: Yeah, the technical library. Gabaldon: Okay. And then right across the street, right across the road on the right-hand side, what’s the first big building? Franklin: Oh, I don’t remember. Gabaldon: 324? Or 328, maybe? I can’t remember. But it was a, you know, three or four story building, and a huge electrical service to it. It had been there for years. So we had to literally take all that out and put all new stuff in, and then hook up all the old wiring back to it, and do that in two days. Franklin: Oh, wow. Gabaldon: So there was a lot of pre-preparing. You had to find every conduit coming into it, identify it, identify what’s in it, where it goes, what it feeds, and label it. And then the new equipment, you know, that’s going to sit on that, you have to have it set up to feed all these things. And then everything got upgraded. Pumps and motors and stuff had to be protected a certain way. So it’d take me a couple months to lead up to that, to prepare for it. And then we’d start on a Friday night, start tearing out the old stuff—and they would shut it down, of course—and Saturday and Sunday. We had to have it running by Monday, so. Franklin: Did you end up working a lot of weekends or varied hours? Gabaldon: More than I wanted, but yeah. A lot of the guys that, oh, they were kind of off-and-on work, they loved the overtime. You know, they were in it to make money. I was there pretty steady, so I would rather have a steady paycheck than a big chunk here and there. So I wasn’t crazy about overtime. But when you’re the foreman, you gotta be there. Franklin: Sure. Did things change for you when the different contractors would come and go? Gabaldon: Yeah, slowly. Nothing real major. I can’t even remember all the contractors, but it started out with, I think, JA Jones. And it went to—oh, gosh, I can’t even think of the names of them. But they must’ve changed names, three or four, five times? Franklin: Yeah Gabaldon: But everything pretty much stayed the same. You know, there’d be a big scare. They’re going to lay you all off and then they’re going to hire you back, or they’re going to lay you off and hire somebody else back. It all worked out. I don’t know. A lot of political stuff, but everything, just basically the names changed. Franklin: But the scope of your work didn’t change. Gabaldon: Yeah, the scope of the work stayed pretty much the same. Franklin: I mean, it doesn’t really make sense to fire everybody and not hire them back when they’re the ones that knew how to do the job in the first place. Gabaldon: Right, right. But on the other hand, through the electrical unions, the hiring procedures were what they were kind of was opposing them. You know, the union says, if you don’t have work, you lay them off. And when you have work, you hire from the top of the list. You can’t—the people that were working and got laid off go to the bottom of the list. So you know, you want to rotate the other people. Franklin: And you’re not allowed to bring in—you can’t hire outside. Gabaldon: Well, they’ve got stipulations where you could hire a foreman, call him out by name, basically. So there was loopholes where they could do that. Franklin: And you were a member of the union? Gabaldon: Yes. Franklin: What was your take on the union? Did you find it served you well, protected you? Gabaldon: It served me very well and they protect me very well. When there was concerns about contamination, working around the radiation. If we had an issue, we would take it back and the union would fight for us and make sure that we were protected adequately. So, yeah. Tickled to death with them. Franklin: What’s that? Gabaldon: Oh, I’m really glad that I got into the union. Franklin: Oh, good, good. That’s good to hear. Do you have any—is there any interesting or funny/amusing or compelling stories or anecdotes that got to you when you were— Gabaldon: There’s actually quite a few, but I’ll tell you afterward. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: Okay, all right, all right. Understandable. Not camera-worthy, huh? Gabaldon: I’m kidding. Franklin: So you mentioned earlier that you were bilingual. Gabaldon: Yes. Franklin: And you said that kind of served you well when you were doing chicken houses, because I guess you would’ve been working with a lot of people of—who probably spoke Spanish— Gabaldon: Yes. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: --as a primary language. So did you grow up in a bilingual household then? Gabaldon: Yes, yes, I did. Franklin: Okay. Gabaldon: Actually grew up speaking Spanish until I went to school, I started learning English. Franklin: So you’re Hispanic by— Gabaldon: Hispanic. Franklin: Did you get a chance to use that much out at Hanford? Were there a lot of other— Gabaldon: Very little. Very little out there. No. Like I say, working with the chicken ranch, I used it quite a bit. But out at Hanford, very little. Franklin: Did you find there was any prejudice against you as a Spanish speaker? Gabaldon: No. No, not at all. No. There was—I don’t want to call it prejudice, but more segregation, as far as—not unions, but crafts, I guess. Between the different crafts, and then between construction and maintenance, and supervision, I guess. So there’s—oh, everybody was—hey, that’s my job, no, that’s maintenance, and no, that’s construction. And then you’ve got supervision trying to just get it done, whoever’s—[LAUGHTER] Franklin: Whoever needs to do it. Gabaldon: But other, as far as any other, no, there was not an issue at all. Franklin: Oh, well, that’s good. So you eventually retired from Hanford. Gabaldon: Yes, I did. Franklin: And when did you retire? Gabaldon: Well, officially, about two years ago. But I quit work, let’s see, 11 years ago. When was that? Franklin: 2006? Gabaldon: Yup, right about there. 2006. So I just—it got frustrating out there, you know, the kind of work, like I said, in the 300 Area, I was content and I had plenty to do, we could work as much as we wanted. You know, there was nobody telling you slow down, or stop, or don’t do this. We could get something done. There wasn’t the red tape involved. They would say, get this building done and whatever it took within reason. But when I went out there in the further areas, I mean, they were, oh, watching every little move you made. And just seemed like they were just trying to stop you from working. There was more people stopping you from working than people trying to get you to do anything. And it’s just not the way I like to work. So I just basically played their little game. But I was trying to do stuff on the side. I got rental houses that I started putting together, and then I finally got to the point where I thought, okay, I can do this, I can wean myself off of this working. I was skeptical, but I knew I wasn’t going to get rich working out there. I was making a good living and comfortable but I was always answering to somebody. So I basically went to work for myself and had a lot more free time, and didn’t have to answer to anybody. Franklin: Sure, you could work at your own pace. Sounds like the 300 Area was really kind of the place where you found the most— Gabaldon: Oh, satisfaction. Franklin: Satisfaction, in your career. Gabaldon: Now, the 3000 Area, I worked there for probably two years. Franklin: And that’s in— Gabaldon: Where are we? We’re almost in it. Franklin: Yeah, we’re right next to PNNL. Gabaldon: So, it was the old JA Jones fabrication shop. Franklin: Oh, okay. Gabaldon: They had pipefitters, boilermakers, electricians, fitters, just about a little of everything, carpenters, painters. So they had pretty much everything right there. We were like a two-man crew, maybe three-man crew there. There was a foreman and one other guy and I was an apprentice. Oh, I learned to weld; I learned all kinds of stuff there. But we were making jumpers. They call them jumpers, but they’re a mechanical thing that hooks up to a valve fitting here and it’s got to go up and around all this other junk, and plug into a valve over here. Well, in our case it was electrical fittings. So these big heads had contacts in them. And you’d have to wire them up, run wire through this conduit, and you had to support this conduit so it would stay rigid and stay in that configuration. And it had to be a balanced point, so they’d pick it up with a crane, so it balanced perfectly level. And they could drop it into this thing and it was done remotely. They were made for some kind of radiation-type pits or— Franklin: Yup, yup. We have some of those in our collection. Maybe you made them, I don’t know. Gabaldon: I don’t know; could be. Franklin: Yeah, they would use them in the separations facilities where it was too hot. Gabaldon: Right. Franklin: Where they would operate everything remotely. One of the guys out there told me that every—all the electrical, any of the plumbing, like it all had to go through jumpers, because it would all have to go through this solid wall. Because they really couldn’t service it on the other side or ever go—So, yeah, I did know that they— Gabaldon: So anyway those-- Franklin: --used first— Gabaldon: They’re very interesting. And real complicated. So it was a real challenge to—because the foreman would take a piece of—oh, like a coat hanger—a welding rod and a piece of wire. He would scale it to the scale of the drawings, but he would bend it at a certain angle, and then he’d bend it the other way a certain angle. So here’s this piece of wire that’s got 12 or 14 different angles in it. And the finished product is the wire sticking out here and here, and that’s where these heads went. The heads had a big nut on the back of them and when you’d run that nut in and out, these fingers would come around and grab and then suck it in which would make contact. So if you loosened it, you know. And they had a big, I want to say pneumatic, kind of like an impact wrench that would run that. And that was run remotely, too, with a crane. But they would run that on there and grab onto that nut, and spin it, and this thing would let go and open up and then it would come off. So we would put the female end, or the opposite end, and weld it to a table. And then over here, 20 feet away, we would weld another one so they’re permanently mounted. Now we’ve got to connect those two with all these angles in it and make it work. So when the finished product was, we could pick it up with a crane and hook it up to those. Franklin: And it would be level. It wouldn’t— Gabaldon: Oh, yeah, it had to be level this way, but also the way—we’d have to put counterweights or you know, things to balance it, just to make it hang perfectly level. Franklin: That sounds really complicated. Gabaldon: It was. It was a real challenge. It was fun! It was really fun. Franklin: I bet. I mean, that’s really, yeah, tat’s something that gives you a great sense of accomplishment, getting those in. Gabaldon: Well, we never got to—we got to make them work there in the shop, and we were confident that they were going to work, but we never saw them work in the field. We’d make them, once they were finished and done, they’d ship them out. I don’t know where they’d go. Franklin: Into some places you don’t want to go. Gabaldon: Right, right. Franklin: Well, great, Larry. I just have a couple other—so you moved to Richland in the late ‘70s, pretty—it had not been a government town for a while, but was Richland different from what you were used to? Was there anything unique about Richland when you moved here? Gabaldon: I moved to Pasco. Franklin: Oh, okay. Gabaldon: But, no. It was actually kind of like a little farming town, and where I was was out in the farming community there, Glade North Road in Pasco. So it’s actually halfway to—what’s it called, Eltopia? Franklin: Oh, okay, on the— Gabaldon: About ten miles out of Pasco. Franklin: Oh, okay, so you lived there for most of your time? Gabaldon: Well, I lived in town. You know, I lived in Pasco and Kennewick. But working out there for the first year, I was driving out there. Franklin: Oh, yeah, out with chicken coops and stuff. Gabaldon: Yeah. So that, yeah— Franklin: And then you eventually moved to West Richland where you live now? Gabaldon: Yes, yes. Franklin: Oh, okay. So I already asked you about secrecy and security. Well, I guess my last question is what would you like future generations to know about working at Hanford during the Cold War? Gabaldon: Wow. [LAUGHTER] What would I want them to know? Franklin: Yeah. Gabaldon: Well, that’s a good question. But now everything seems to be going to cleanup, to how are they going to clean this mess up? [SIGH] Protect yourself, I guess. [LAUGHTER] There’s a lot of stuff out there, unknown stuff. Whatever they did back in the day when there was no restrictions or no—everything was new, and now we’re paying for it. I feel like my lungs aren’t quite like they used to be, and I don’t know if it was—between asbestos and beryllium and radiation, I don’t know. I’m sure it didn’t help any. So. Franklin: Were there ever any larger worries about working at a defense, you know, a plant, an area that produced nuclear weapons material during the Cold War? Were there ever any worries for you about that? Gabaldon: No, not at all. I mean, it’s funny to—I saw a lot of people come and go. People from all over the country would come here to work on a temporary basis. You know, the things—you know how Hanford is. Anyway, so they’d come from all over the place. I saw a lot of worry, a lot of people really concerned about radiation, and then about attacks. About, if whoever, some of the big powers, wanted to retaliate against the United States, that this would be a target. Well, I don’t know, I never did worry about that. But they were always talking about, Hanford 2, the way it was built would withstand an airplane hitting it. You know, I’m not sure if that’s true or not, but I was wondering, who would ever fly an airplane into that? And then sure enough, they did it to the towers. So I guess it’s possible. But other than that, no, no worries. The river, I guess. The one in Grand Coulee, I heard people talking about the possibility of that breaking. If that broke, it would wash away Hanford. I don’t know how true that would be, but I’m sure there’d be a lot of water there. Franklin: Yeah, there sure would. It probably would do a bunch of damage all over the place, everywhere downstream. Gabaldon: Well, it would just compound down the river as it—I think if one dam broke, it would break the rest of them. Franklin: Yeah, sounds like it would be pretty—I don’t know what you would— Gabaldon: But, no, that’s never been a big concern of mine. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: That’s good. Well, Larry, thank you so much for coming— Gabaldon: Oh, you’re welcome. Franklin: --and taking the time to talk with us today about your work. I really appreciate it. Gabaldon: No, no problem. I hope I helped some. I don’t know. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: Yeah, no, you did. It was really good. It was good to hear about your perspective on being out in 300 and especially some of that outage work, what it took to get the job done in terms of the PPE and kind of the— Gabaldon: Yeah, it’s—I’m sure they still do it even more. They’re more, what do I want to say? Well, let’s just put it this way. In the 100 areas, when you came out, you were in your skivvies, your underwear. And there’s 20 guys lined up, standing in their underwear, and there’s gals surveying them, every little nook and cranny of their body. Nowadays, they have, I guess modesty clothing or whatever you call it. So it’s come a long way from there. Franklin: [LAUGHTER] Gabaldon: You know, back, it was a big deal. But then as soon as you went into a radiation zone, you know, forget all that modesty stuff. Franklin: Right, yeah, you’ve got to take care of yourself. Gabaldon: Yup. Franklin: Modesty be darned. Great, well, Larry, thank you so much. Gabaldon: You’re welcome. Franklin: Watch your head there when you stand up. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 01:07:17 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 9983KBPS Hanford Sites Any sites on the Hanford site mentioned in the interview 300 Area 100-N (N Reactor) FFTF 305 Building 308 Building Years in Tri-Cities Area Date range for the interview subject's experience in and around the Hanford site 40 years Years on Hanford Site Years on the Hanford Site, if any. 29 years Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with Larry Gabaldon Subject The topic of the resource Hanford Site (Wash.) Description An account of the resource Larry Gabaldon moved to Washington in 1977 to work at the Hanford Site. Larry spent time in the 300 Area as an electrician, and also assisted at 100-N (N Reactor), Tank Farms, and the FFTF. An interview conducted as part of the Hanford Oral History Project. The Hanford Oral History Project was sponsored by Mission Support Alliance on behalf of the United States Department of Energy. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Oral History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities. Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 7/11/2017 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this oral history should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for this item. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. The Hanford Oral History Project operates under a sub-contract from Mission Support Alliance (MSA), who are the primary contractors for the US Department of Energy's curatorial services relating to the Hanford site. This oral history project became a part of the Hanford History Project in 2015, and continues to add to the US Department of Energy collection. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Oral History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F9c20fe3d0ef3378f837cbcac10d470e0.mp4 8ff7134b7fd9fbf590e1911a6bcad7c9 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Pre-1943 Oral Histories Subject The topic of the resource Oral histories with residents about the Hanford area prior to the Manhattan Project Description An account of the resource Oral histories with residents about the Hanford area prior to the Manhattan Project Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Robert Franklin Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Shirley Stewart Location The location of the interview Royal City (Wash.) Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound 0:00:00 Tom Hungate: And we’re rolling. Robert Franklin: We’re rolling. Okay. My name is Robert Franklin. I am conducting an oral history interview with Shirley Stewart on January 17, 2020. The interview is being conducted at Shirley Stewart’s home outside Royal City. I will be talking with Shirley about her experiences growing up in what became the Hanford Site. For the record, can you state and spell your full name for us? Shirley Stewart: Shirley A. Stewart. S-H-I-R-L-E-Y. Adele, A-D-E-L-E. Stewart, S-T-E-W-A-R-T. Franklin: Great, thank you. And Shirley, what was your family name that-- Stewart: Oh, McGee. Franklin: McGee, right? And tell me where--tell me a bit about the ranch that you grew up in. 0:00:49 Stewart: Okay. My grandparents came into Cold Crick in 1908. And it was my dad’s stepdad and two brothers and Daddy and his sister. He was a blacksmith, and he used to ride his horse from Cold Crick clear to Hanford to shoe horses. This was in the early days. I believe that they did dryland wheat, some. But in 1916, maybe, they were looking for natural gas. And this guy came by and asked around if he’d be interested in drilling a well on his place. Grandpa thought about it a minute and he said, well, you know, I’m interested. But he said, I want to tell you this: if it’s water, it’s my well. If it’s natural gas, it’s yours. Well, the guy set up his thing to drill and he probably lasted a year or a little after and he finally ran out of funds. So then of course Grandpa went on with his life. Then in another year the guy came by and asked him the same thing. And he said, well, if it’s my well, it’s water, and if it’s gas, it’s yours. And I don’t know how deep that well was, but it had to be fairly deep. Well, they hit just a gusher of artesian well. That was the first--that was Brown’s well at Cold Crick. Franklin: And why was it called Brown’s well? Stewart: Well, because that was my grandpa’s—it was my dad’s stepdad, see? Franklin: I see. Okay, okay. 0:02:36 Stewart: And then they raised—they had a little orchard, as I remember them telling me, because I was too little then at first. But anyway, and then they had grain, hay. And but anyway, then my dad, at 18, he filled out to get a homestead—on the Homestead Act. Franklin: And your father’s name was Chester. 0:03:05 Stewart: Chester McGee, mm-hmm. And he had worked on that like maybe a year or two and then the war came along, and he went into the Navy then. Then when he came back out of the Navy, it was 125, I think, acres that he’d already approved on then. Well then Mom—my mother, meanwhile, my mother was a school teacher at Cold Crick, and that’s how Dad met her. So in 1919, they got married in December and they moved to White Bluffs for two years. He managed an orchard. And then he became a deputy sheriff of Benton County for eight years. Well, while he was there, he kept improving on this ground and getting it ready for when he was going to be through his thing. In 1928, a well driller got ahold of Dad and said would you be interested in drilling a well? And Dad said, well, yes, but I don’t have the funds to pay you. Oh, he said, that’s no big deal. Well, anyway, so Dad said, okay, I’ll give you 100 acres if you can get water for me. And we did. We had the biggest well. It was 1,150 feet deep. 90 pounds pressure and 100—let’s see if I’ve got—I figured I’d write this all down and then I’d tell ya. Franklin: We’ve heard of people drilling down several hundred feet, but I have not heard of anybody drilling down—like over 1,000 feet, I mean, that’s a really deep well. Stewart: Yeah, okay. They had 1,800 pounds pressure. Franklin: 1,800 pounds? Stewart: Mm-hmm, because that’s to irrigate over 300 acres with it. Franklin: Wow. 0:04:52 Stewart: Well, anyway, meanwhile, between the time Grandma’s well come in and ours, there was three other wells drilled at Cold Crick, but theirs were more shallow—they were shallower wells. And they had little farms there, too. I could name some of the people, but-- Franklin: Sure! Could you? Stewart: Rothrocks was one name. Meekers. M-E-E-K-E-R. Franklin: Okay, that name’s familiar. Stewart: And the other one was Schlosser. Raymond Martinez: Schlosser. Franklin: Is that like-- Stewart: S-C-H, wasn’t it? Martinez: Schlosser, Bob Schlosser. Stewart: Schlosser, uh-huh. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: Didn’t he move to Sunnyside? Martinez: Huh? Stewart: He moved to Sunnyside, didn’t he? Martinez: Yeah, he moved to Sunnyside. Franklin: Oh, and just for the record, that’s Raymond Martinez sitting off to the side who also grew up in Hanford-White Bluffs. That’s for our transcriptionist, who’s going to have to type all this out, just so she knows who you are, to put your name next to what you said. 0:05:55 Stewart: So then, after Dad’s time, it was eight years he was deputy sheriff. So they meanwhile were building—I think what they did is bought two old shacks and rebuilt them for our home. And then we moved there—I was about 18 months old, so it’d be 1931, we moved to the ranch then. Franklin: Okay. And you were how old in 19—so, sorry. When were you--when and where were you born? Stewart: I was 18 months old when they moved. Franklin: 18 months old. So you were born in White Bluffs, then? Stewart: I was born—actually, well, no, I was born in Kennewick. Franklin: And did your family live in Kennewick? Stewart: They lived in Kennewick when Dad was deputy sheriff. And I had a brother. My brother was seven years older then. Yeah. Franklin: So you were born in 1929? Stewart: 1929, I was born, mm-hmm. Franklin: Wow. Okay. And so where did you live in Kennewick? Stewart: I don’t know. Franklin: Do you remember? Or do you know where the family lived in Kennewick? 0:06:57 Stewart: They lived in a—I think, first they lived in Prosser for a while and then they moved to Kennewick. But I couldn’t tell you. I don’t know the streets. I think we went by there one time, and it was kind of just a little house that was there. I just don’t remember. Franklin: That’s fine, that’s fine. I was just curious. Because I live in downtown Kennewick, so I was just wondering-- Stewart: Well, it was kind of just at the edge of town. You know where the road goes on back up to Tri-Cities, I mean up to Hermiston. What is that? Martinez: Umatilla? Stewart: It was just off of that. Franklin: Yeah. Okay, interesting. Stewart: Two or three blocks. Franklin: Okay. So 1931, you moved up to Cold Creek. Stewart: To Cold Crick. Franklin: In kind of the house that your father had put together. 0:07:34 Stewart: Yeah, oh, yeah. But we did not have electricity. The power lines went right by, but they didn’t have transformers, see. But we never had electricity. Franklin: Not in the whole time? Stewart: Uh-uh. Never. Well, we had lots of water. [LAUGHTER] Power to the--yeah, no, brought it into the house and we had a bathroom. We had an outside poo-hoo for quite a long time and then we remodeled and Dad had an inside bathroom. But then we had a propane stove, like, I mean—with a firebox on one end to heat the water, because it was without electricity, you know? I can remember that. And then we had, Dad figured out some way of putting propane lights in through tubes on the ceiling. But it wasn’t very bright. You couldn’t read by it, because it was kind of just dim, you know. But it was fine. Franklin: And that’s to kind of see your way at night. Yeah, okay. Interesting. 0:08:40 Stewart: And let’s see, what do I need to tell you? My dad raised hay, mostly hay, and potatoes. And they did really good with those potatoes like in 1935 or ‘36, they bought a new John Deere tractor and a car, with my uncle’s dad and him, they farmed some together. The uncles, meanwhile, I was going to tell you, when we drilled our well, it was on the same strata as my grandmother’s, and it dried up. Franklin: Right, I had heard that. Stewart: Okay. And where the grape vineyards are now, at Cold Crick, that’s right where Grandma’s place was. Franklin: Right, the ones you can see kind of off to the—so that’s where the Browns-- Stewart: That’s where the Browns lived. Franklin: And you were closer to the road. Stewart: Yes, right. Well, we were right on-- Franklin: On what’s the road now. [TELEPHONE RINGING] Stewart: Hang on. Franklin: Here, we’ll just take a little pause. [VIDEO CUTS] Franklin: Okay. So that’s pretty interesting, in the middle, then, of the Depression, your parents were doing okay. 0:09:39 Stewart: Yes. And I can remember this, my brother was a teenager, you know, going with my uncles, they used to haul the potatoes up on the pass in the park and sell the spuds on the pass up there. Snoqualmie Pass. Franklin: Oh, wow, really? Stewart: And then they took them clear to Seattle. And I remember my brother going a time or two with Uncle Russ down to the shipping place on the bay. Franklin: Wow. Stewart: Yeah. But they must’ve done pretty good, because they—you know, affording a new rig or two. We didn’t--I think Dad had one hired man part of the time. But with that artesian well, it was then the system that he had set up was really good. But we farmed with horses. We had a set of mules, Buster and Wally were their names. And then we had a set of heavy horses. Then they had one horse that we used to pull up, the derrick horse, we called him. And his name was Cato. That was my job when I was about six or seven, I got to go out and put up hay. Franklin: Oh, wow. Stewart: Yeah. Franklin: And what happened when your grandparents’ well ran dry? I could imagine that-- Stewart: So they moved to Priest Rapids. Franklin: Okay. 0:11:12 Stewart: And they started a sheep ranch down there, the Browns did. I don’t remember too much, other than I knew they had a beautiful, great big barn, the people that had it before. And I think they had a few dairy cows, too, at one time. But they ended up in the sheep business. They put up hay at Priest Rapids, too. Franklin: Okay. And is that farm still there? Stewart: Oh, no, oh, no. Oh, no, no. They had to move also. Franklin: When—the dam? Stewart: Mm-hmm. When--no. They had to move--in fact, they let them finish—let me say this again. They let them lamb out their sheep that winter that everybody had to move out in ‘43. So Browns got to stay until January after the lambing. And then, meanwhile, they bought a place up at Vantage. Franklin: Wow, I see. 0:12:14 Stewart: That’s where they moved to. So, yeah. And we had about 100 head of ewes and I can remember Dad, they gave them to Browns. They herded them up there. And I don’t know how they did. They used to use that one tractor. They must’ve had to drive it. It was about 12 miles. Was it about that? Wasn’t it? About 12 miles to Priest Rapids from Cold Crick. They’d drive that tractor back and forth and use it. Isn’t that something? And then in 1937, I think, Dad bought another one. So they had two John Deeres. So they didn’t--by then have to--yeah. Franklin: What are some of your fondest memories growing up out there? 0:13:01 Stewart: [LAUGHTER] Oh, gosh. Well, you know what we did in the summertime a lot was pack a big lunch on Sunday and go down to the river and go swimming. And this was with the hired help and all of us kids and friends, and go swimming. And we’d always pack up wood and bring it home, because there was lots of wood, and that’s what we’d burn in the wintertime in the stove in the living rooms. Franklin: Right. Oh, yeah. Stewart: We always had wood stoves. Franklin: Kind of like driftwood that would come down? Stewart: Oh, and there was so much. Yeah. Yeah. Franklin: Wow. Stewart: Those were wonderful memories when we used to go swimming. In the wintertime, a few times, where we used to go--we’d go ice skating. But we did that right at home, because Dad had this—they could never turn the water completely off from the well in the wintertime. It always leaked around there. And then we’d skate down on kind of a canal-like thing. Those were precious. The other thing. Dad always loved to listen to the news, and all we had was a battery radio. Well, when he saw this—this is a funny—he saw where he could get a wind charger. So he got this first one that came out that charged the battery. He got up and put it on the point of the house and got it all ready. And, boy, it worked really good. It charged the batteries so fast. Well, one day, one time, we had a really bad windstorm and it blew so hard it shook the dishes out of the cupboard. Franklin: Wow. Stewart: So we had to disconnect the-- Franklin: The charger, yeah. Stewart: Yeah. And he had to put it on a pole. But, yeah, of course when the war started and everything, they listened to a lot of news, you know. But you only got to listen to that and Fibber McGee and Molly, and I think one other, and that was about all you got to listen to. But that was probably the length of the battery, I don’t know. Anyway. Yeah. Franklin: That’s really-- 0:15:11 Stewart: My family were really musical. My brother played the trumpet, and from the time he was, I don’t know, in grade school, I guess. I need to back up. We went to school at Vernita. Do you know where that was? Franklin: Yeah, down, right kind of where the bridge is today. Stewart: Down the hill. And actually I have a picture of the school. But anyway, that’s where I went. And then they went on down to White Bluffs to high school. And I went, let’s see, three-- Franklin: How far was that? Stewart: Six miles. Franklin: And how did you get there each day? Stewart: Well, they had a school bus. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: At one time, there was several kids. I don’t remember just how many, probably four or five of us went from there down to Vernita to this school. Well, on the first three grades, the first year, there was about eight or ten of us, one teacher. The next year, some of the kids had left and they’d gone to high school or moved. So there was like five, I think. The next year, there was two boys and I in the whole school the whole year, in the third grade. [LAUGHTER] That was a disaster! Anyway, then for two years, we went with the high school kids to White Bluffs on the bus. And the old—it was like wooden sides, and the dust would just boil in. Do you remember that, Raymond? Oh! It was awful. Franklin: It would shake—was it-- Stewart: Oh, yeah, it would shake, you know? Franklin: Was it basically just kind of like a converted truck? Stewart: No. It was solid sides with windows. Franklin: Oh, okay. Stewart: But there was—the dust just would—anyway, I went two years to White Bluffs. And then two more years, more kids started moving in because of the Midway substation that Bonneville was building. Franklin: Yeah. Yeah, yeah, yeah. Yeah. Stewart: And so there was more kids. Well then the eighth grade, they took the seventh and eighth grade with the high school kids clear to Hanford that last year. And that was 1943 when I graduated eighth. They closed it the fifth of May. I can remember that. Franklin: Wow. Yeah. Oh, speaking of that, I wanted to ask, what were your memories of the eviction or the evacuation, getting, maybe getting the notice, what do you remember about that time? 0:17:54 Stewart: Oh, it was a real shock. A real shock. But I want to tell you one thing. We didn’t do very good, but Dad was very patriotic. Because he’d been in World War I, and he knew we had to do something. They had to do something. I can remember that. But, yeah, it was really hard. We had a really beautiful place, and they did really well with what we had. Yeah, Dad didn’t have—he wasn’t—it bothered him—he knew it had to be done. Some people just kept that hatred in them all their years. They never got over it. Franklin: No, they didn’t. No, we’ve interviewed some people who were still-- Stewart: Bitter. Franklin: --angry at DuPont all these years later Stewart: Well, Dad went to work—when he couldn’t irrigate, he still grazed the sheep on it, didn’t they? Do you remember that, Raymond? Martinez: What’s that? Stewart: Oh, Dad grazing the sheep on our hayfields. Do you remember that? Martinez: No. Stewart: Anyway, but he was a Pinkerton guard for the Bonneville power. Franklin: Oh, really? 0:19:04 Stewart: And we got to stay at Cold Crick till October. However, they took the high school kids to Sunnyside that year, and I started high school in Sunnyside for—I was only there a couple months, I think. But that was always—and dirt, talk about dust. Franklin: Wow, yeah, that is a ways. Stewart: And it was just in on all—no grass, it was all gravel. Franklin: Right, jeez. So you said you got to stay until October. That was October 1943? Stewart: Mm-hmm. Franklin: You got--oh, wow. Yeah, that’s pretty-- Stewart: And he was sent to Spokane to two different substations up there he was over. And then we moved to Spokane then and bought a little place up there. And I graduated from high school, Rodgers. And I went two-and-a-half years to WSU then. Franklin: Okay, okay. Stewart: Mm-hmm. Franklin: Tell me a little more about Cold Creek-- Stewart: Cold Crick. Franklin: Cold Crick, sorry. What kind of community was it? Did it have services, or was it just-- Stewart: No. Franklin: --kind of a gathering of-- Stewart: No, no. Franklin: --people? 0:020:08 Stewart: There was a little gas station at the bottom of the hill before you would cross the crick there. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: But, no there wasn’t any services, no grocery store. I might mention this: we used to be--maybe you have it down in your thing--used to be a stage come clear from Kennewick. They would bring the mail up. I think to Hanford, White Bluffs and all up to us. And then if we needed something, he’d always stop at the Reiersons’ grocery store at White Bluffs. If we needed something, we could call down there, and they’d bring it up with the mail and everything. Franklin: Oh, wow. Stewart: Yeah. and the people they’d tell you if they had to go from Kennewick to White Bluffs, they would come on the stage. Franklin: Wow, okay. Stewart: I just wondered if you’d ever heard about that. Franklin: No, I haven’t. That’s really interesting. You mentioned you did not have electricity, but did you have phone? Stewart: Yes, we had phones. It was--yeah. Franklin: Okay, interesting. Stewart: You rang two shorts or two longs. Franklin: Wow. Stewart: Yeah, if your phone rang, everybody who lifted up could hear what you were saying. [LAUGHTER] Yes. Franklin: So you had traveled to White Bluffs for school. Did you also travel there to go to do all your shopping as well? 0:21:27 Stewart: Well, what shopping we did. We had always--my folks always raised a big garden. We had a lot of garden. We had a small orchard of our own. We raised fruit trees. And the one I hated the worst was the pie cherries. My brother and I always had to pick those pie cherries. We just picked the cherries right off the tree, leave the seeds on the tree. [LAUGHTER] Oh, yeah. And Mom did a lot of canning. My folks canned. And Dad butchered; he was a good butcher. And so your basic things that you needed were like sugar and flour and those type of things. So you didn’t go to the grocery store very often. Franklin: Right, right. But to get like clothes and other-- Stewart: Well, yeah. We would go to Yakima about twice a year. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: And probably--you know, I’m trying to remember whether you went to--maybe he went to Sunnyside for parts. I think Dad did; we did go there some too. But, yeah, we would get--and then we used to use Sears and Roebuck. We ordered-- Franklin: Oh, right. What was social life like-- Stewart: Oh, my gosh. Franklin: --for you for your parents? Did you go to White Bluffs or Hanford often to go to movies? 0:22:45 Stewart: Well, we didn’t need to; we had such a community. Wonderful community. I have pictures of--we had a woman’s group. My God, I got whole lots of pictures of them. And it was called a Priest Rapids Ladies’—I can’t think of the ladies’ club. But it went clear from up Priest Rapids clear almost down to Riverland. Down to Allard. Allard’s. Franklin: To the Bruggemanns’ and then the Allards’. Stewart: Uh-huh. Yeah. Mr. Bruggemann’s picture’s in here. Franklin: Oh, wow. Stewart: Yeah, they had--we had a real good--and my dad was on the school board. He always helped with that. We had a small school. And something that I always have remembered, you know, in those days, you didn’t have oranges or things like that. And the big thing every year, we always had a play at Christmastime for the little school, and we always had Christmas baskets. And they always got oranges, those kids could hardly wait to get that orange. And now the kids don’t think a thing about--you know? Franklin: No, no. Stewart: And a little bit of candy, a candy cane, and I don’t remember. An apple, I suppose we had apples in them. I don’t remember that part. But I do remember they used to go down along the river and get a juniper for Christmas trees for the school. Franklin: [LAUGHTER] 0:24:06 Stewart: The other thing I remember, and it was always in my mind--I was just a little girl. They had candles on those trees. Burning candles. At the school! Franklin: Wow. That sounds like a serious fire hazard. Stewart: Yeah, but now, my God, it would--[LAUGHTER] This was the school. Franklin: That’s really cool. And this was where? Stewart: That was Vernita. Franklin: Oh, Vernita School. Stewart: I have the only picture of it. Franklin: Would we be able to-- Stewart: Yes! Franklin: --take some of these and scan them and send them back to you? Stewart: Yes. Yes, you can. Franklin: Oh, that’d be wonderful. Stewart: Go through these things, because I’ve got some really good ones. Franklin: No, it sounds like you have some great photos there. 0:24:40 Stewart: But anyway, I can remember—but we always had school plays. Even if there was like only four of us kids in the school. That was always the big thing, in the fall we’d have--I don’t remember anything at Thanksgiving. I think we used to have—we had a potluck. We had a lot of potlucks. The ladies’ club would have potlucks. And they used to have social dancing. My aunt played the piano. My two uncles, one played the saxophone and the other clarinet. And my brother played the trumpet. And my dad played the fiddle, and my mother and I both played the piano. So, that would be kind of our social thing, like on Sunday afternoons. We’d get to my grandparents’, up there, and play music. That was--yeah. Franklin: So, I wanted to ask you about your family for a minute. So your dad’s name is Chester. What was your mom’s name? Stewart: Clida. Ratcliffe was her last name. Franklin: Okay. Clida Ratcliffe. Stewart: Clida, mm-hmm. Franklin: Clida Ratcliffe, but McGee, I guess-- Stewart: Yeah. And Dale McGee. Franklin: Dale, your older brother. Stewart: I just have the one brother. Franklin: Just the one brother. Stewart: Yeah, and seven years older than me. Franklin: And so Yvonne is your sister-in-law. Stewart: Sister-in-law, mm-hmm. Franklin: And then your dad had brothers and sisters. You said you had an aunt and uncle? Stewart: Well, yeah. He had a full sister, Cassie, who was two years older than Dad. Franklin: And where did she live? 0:26:00 Stewart: She lived with her--well, for years she lived in California. Because she worked in a bank, I think. And then I don’t remember just when she came back to Cold Crick. Or maybe she went to Cold Crick first and then down there. I think that may be that. Because she used to do go down and work in the packing house with the—in fact, her picture’s in one of these, with those ladies that-- Franklin: Oh, really?! Stewart: Yes. Franklin: Oh! Right on. Stewart: I’m sure that’s her. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: But she was a bookkeeper. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: Also. So she was single for a long time. In fact, I met my—this should go on later. Well, anyway, how I met my husband. I went down and helped her cook for the lambing crew at Vantage. And my husband-to-be was working for them at the time. Franklin: Aw. Stewart: And she had never been married, and we dated with another fellow, and she ended up marrying him. She was in her 40s--50s. Franklin: Oh, wow. Stewart: Isn’t that interesting? Franklin: That is interesting. Stewart: Yeah, yeah. Yeah. Franklin: Huh. And then you also mentioned an uncle, too. 0:27:15 Stewart: Two uncles. Russ and Wynn. Brown. They were just little ones when they moved to Cold Crick, just tiny boys. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: Yeah. Franklin: And they lived with the Browns, then. Stewart: Yes, they did. Mm-hmm. Franklin: Okay, gotcha, gotcha. Stewart: And then, I think there’s pictures of them. I ought to show you. Oh, man. Martinez: They’re in the book. Stewart: They’re in this. Martinez: They’re dressed for winter in that book. Stewart: This one. Martinez: Yeah. Stewart: I’ll [INAUDIBLE] Franklin: Really? So most of the photos for that book we got from the Edmund Anderson family. Stewart: Yeah. Franklin: Harry Anderson, as part of what they collected for the Hanford-White Bluffs Association. Stewart: Yeah, it’s the same-- Franklin: But we never--didn’t get any-- Stewart: Yeah, Wynn and Russ are in this picture. Franklin: Oh, really? Oh, that—okay! Stewart: Uh-huh. Franklin: Oh, wow. Stewart: Wynn and Russ Brown. Franklin: Oh, that’s really neat. Stewart: And then they were in the White Bluffs Band. My uncles were in that band. My brother was in the band. They used to go--there actually was the community, not just the high school, that one band. I’ve got pictures of that, too. Franklin: See, this is crazy, because you know, we got all this, but we never got this information as to who these people were. Because we just got these pictures and we never got the people to tell us who was in the pictures. Stewart: Yeah, isn’t that interesting? Franklin: Oh, yeah, that’s really neat. That’s really cool. Stewart: Yeah, Wynn and Russ were both in this picture. Franklin: Wow, that’s neat. That’s good to know. Stewart: So I always saved that. I had that for a long time. Franklin: Oh, that’s really good to know. Stewart: Anyway, let’s see what else I was going to tell you. Oh, I need that. Whatever you want to ask me. I don’t think I’ll remember. Franklin: Do you remember when--you mentioned Midway. Stewart: Yes, I do. Franklin: Do you remember around when that came into the area? 0:29:00 Stewart: Yes. About 19--well, it was--they started it in about ‘41. Because I remember my brother went one year to WSU, he graduated in 1940. So that fall he went to a--the reason I remember, the next--he worked at the next summer. It was so hot. It was 116 or 117. Oh, it was hot! Down in those—I can remember him getting so sick. Franklin: Oh, that sounds awful. Stewart: Oh, it was really hot. Franklin: That sounds really--especially before-- Stewart: And no air conditioning. Franklin: No, of course not. Stewart: You didn’t have that. We just went swimming a lot. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: Were there a lot of families that came with the substation, or was it--did it-- 0:29:42 Stewart: Well, I can remember of only--yeah, there was a few. And then they built houses for them later, see? The one family had three girls, and they kind of helped getting our school back going. Franklin: Oh, yeah. Stewart: Yeah, and the one girl was in my class. I don’t remember a whole—there was some older children that went on to White Bluffs, I remember that. But mostly there were just men that started working there and then didn’t bring the family. Well, there wasn’t any place for them to live. Franklin: Right. Was that pretty exciting to have the dams come up and the electricity come through the—did you maybe start to get the sense that things were going to change a bit? Stewart: Well, I think I did. I think I did. But it was so many changes so fast. And I remember, when we moved to Spokane, we probably only had—we lived in that same place. We probably only had one old truck, and probably made two trips. One with this piano, of course. Franklin: Of course. Stewart: But what I’m saying is now, look at everything everybody has. If I moved out of here--[LAUGHTER] Oh, God. You know, people don’t think about that. Franklin: Oh, yeah, yeah, of course. Stewart: And I’ve lived in this house 66 years, you guys. Franklin: Wow. Wow. Stewart: So I’m one of the old-timers here. Franklin: Yeah. Wow, that’s really cool. So, oh, shoot. What was I going to--what was my next question? Oh! So, there were a lot of social life in Cold Creek. Stewart: Yes. Franklin: But you did go to White Bluffs for-- 0:31:16 Stewart: Yes, we did, and Dad was very active in the American Legion, and they used to have like dances and things. And then when my brother was in high school, of course we went to the basketball games. They’d have basketball and softball. Franklin: Do you remember when the schools burned down? Stewart: Yes, I do-- Franklin: The White Bluffs-- Stewart: --remember that day. I was taking piano lessons. I was in fourth grade. And we had just started—Mom had come and got me, and we were just headed back out to go home and we saw the fire. We saw it. Yeah. I remember that real plain. Franklin: Okay. Were you talking--White Bluffs or-- Stewart: The White Bluffs High School. Franklin: --because I know both schools burned down at one point or another and then were rebuilt. But it was White Bluffs is the one that you remember? Stewart: White Bluffs, and they didn’t rebuild. No, that was just right before it was-- Franklin: Right, right. We have some photos of that, yeah. A big blaze. Okay. And what about for church? Where did you go-- 0:32:17 Stewart: Well, we really didn’t go--we were too far. I would go with a friend or so. But we didn’t have any churches at Cold Crick or Vernita. There wasn’t anything. They didn’t have anything. Franklin: And Vernita at that time was still the ferry. Stewart: They had a cable ferry, and if you don’t think that wasn’t scary--that would drift across—I remember going across—my dad was so entrenched on building the Grand Coulee Dam. He was really interested in it. And Mom’s sister was running a motel in Coulee City. So about once a year, we’d make a trip up to Grand Coulee. Which was a really quite a trip in those days. Franklin: Oh, yeah. Stewart: And when you went across that ferry, it would drift way down and go up, and it was real sandy. We always had a shovel. We always had extra water and gas with us, and probably usually got stuck at least once. Well, we’d go up as far as Coulee City and stay all night with my aunt at the motel. And then the next day we’d make the trip clear in to see the dam and come back. I can remember where the water is now on Biggs Lake, all the farms that were between there. And I remember Dad saying, these people are going to have to move, and that’s just kind of like we were when we were little. I can remember that, just as plain. I wasn’t that old, but anyway. Yeah, I can remember that. Franklin: Right. That’s kind of ironic, isn’t it? You know, like going up and kind of—and not thinking that would-- Stewart: It could happen to you. Franklin: Yeah. Stewart: Yeah. But I can remember that just as plain, yeah. Franklin: That’s really neat. Were there any—I know you were just a kid for a lot of the time as you lived there, but were there any like bad or hard times when you were living there? Any memories that stick to you in that vein? 0:34:09 Stewart: You know, I don’t really remember because I think we were fairly well--you know, Dad didn’t have to pay for any water. And electricity. And he had cows—you had horses, so you didn’t have to buy gas. You think—we probably were pretty well sufficient. My mother was really a good cook, too. We usually had hired help. She had a gas lawnmower—I mean, a gas washer, and we washed out in the yard and then hung everything up. That was just the way you did it in those days. And she canned a lot, and we had a cellar. And Dad had it all fixed up with shelves for the fruit, you know. And like, for your potatoes—well, we ended up building a potato shed, Dad did, and sorted our own spuds in the later years there. Franklin: Wow. Stewart: Uh-huh. Franklin: Do you remember—did you know the Bruggemann family at all? Stewart: I did. I did. They weren’t very—they really weren’t very social. She was more so than him. Franklin: Oh, Paul was pretty-- Stewart: Yeah. I can remember them. And the kids were just little. Franklin: Right. Yes, they were, yeah. They were three and five I think when the eviction happened. And what about Allard? Did you know Sam Allard? Stewart: I don’t remember him, but I remember the name. But I knew people that lived on there, the Austins. And I-- Franklin: Right, Levi Austin. 0:35:43 Stewart: Levi Austin and--oh, shoot, what was their name? I can kind of remember those other people. At Vernita, there was about five orchards. Five or six soft fruit orchards. They weren’t very big. Because I think part of them, just irrigated from a well, like a pump. Because they had electricity at Vernita. And then part of them pumped it out of the river, I think. I think Richmond—Richmond was one name, and they had the ferry. Richmonds was their name, Tom Richmond. Franklin: Okay. Did you ever go all the way down to Richland at all or to the Tri-Cities? Stewart: Yes, we did, because Dad and Mom still had friends that lived down there. We used to go down and visit them. Yes, we did. But I don’t remember much. There wasn’t much at Richland. White Bluffs was bigger than Richland. Franklin: Right, right. I wanted to ask you about—so you were—the eviction happens and eventually you leave in October and you moved up to-- Stewart: Spokane. Franklin: Spokane. When did you start going to the reunions? 0:37:00 Stewart: You know, they’ve never mentioned anything in these books about it, but right after the war, they had picnics at Prosser. Franklin: In Prosser, yeah. Stewart: Yes. And we went to several of those. So my old friends that I went to school with, I can remember that. Franklin: And how long did you go to those for? Do you remember, how many years? Stewart: Well, it seemed like only a couple of years, and then of course I went off to college and I didn’t—we didn’t go—I don’t remember how long they had the ones at Prosser. Not very long, I don’t think. Franklin: No, yeah, we didn’t include much about it in the book, because we didn’t—the information we had about them really comes from 1968 on when they started meeting in Richland. Stewart: Yeah. And then we used to go to all those. We went to them all. Franklin: You went to all of those? Stewart: Yeah, most of them, yeah. Franklin: Were you able—have you been able to go back to the homestead since the Hanford Site-- 0:27:54 Stewart: Yeah, there’s nothing there. [LAUGHTER] Yes, I have! [LAUGHTER] But, yeah, our old spud shed was the only thing that was left there. There was nothing, you know. You knew they took our water and piped it 18 miles to the first reactor. Franklin: Yeah, I’ve heard that, yeah. Stewart: That was our well. Franklin: Yeah, that’s amazing. I mean, it was a gusher. Stewart: Ah, I’ll just show you a picture. Well, whenever you want. Go ahead. Franklin: Sure. Stewart: Go ahead and ask me. Yeah, we did, we used to have lots of social things, you know, like potlucks in the summertime. At least once or twice at different people’s places. Yeah, we never did--you know, we weren’t lacking for social things. Franklin: Oh, sure. Stewart: Raymond, what were you going to say? Martinez: Can I say something off the record? Franklin: Sure. Yeah, let’s take a little pause. Hungate: Sure. [VIDEO CUTS] Franklin: So you sorted-- Stewart: Apricots-- Franklin: There was a packing shed down by the-- Stewart: At Riverland, yeah. Martinez: When you go down the hill, before you get to the bridge, there’s kind of a dip, the railroad went through there. Stewart: It’s right there. Martinez: You can see where the railroad track was. Stewart: Right there, right there. Martinez: There was a packing shed right there on the railroad track. And then the livestock corral was right next to it where they’d load the sheep to go to Montana or wherever. Stewart: Cattle. Oh, yeah. Franklin: So, and Riverlands was kind of the stop for Bruggemann’s, because Bruggemann’s was the Riverlands Ranch. Martinez: Yeah. Franklin: Right? Is that correct? Stewart: Yeah. Franklin: okay. Martinez: The packing warehouse is right practically on the Bruggemann ranch. Stewart: Yeah, practically on there. Right there. Franklin: And you worked there when you were 13? Stewart: 13 years old. Right when the war started. Martinez: Everybody worked there. Stewart: Everybody worked there! Franklin: Everybody worked there. [LAUGHTER] Martinez: No child labor laws then! Stewart: No, there sure wasn’t! Franklin: You know, I grew up on a farm as well, and there’s always-- Stewart: Did you? Franklin: Yes. Stewart: Where was that at? Franklin: In Alaska. Stewart: Oh, my gosh. Franklin: Yeah, a farm/nursery. Martinez: Well, Salvini was a pretty noted family down there. Stewart: Yes, they were. I remember them. Franklin: Salvini, okay. Stewart: Salvini. I don’t know if it was a-- Martinez: They moved to Sunnyside. Stewart: Oh, did they? Martinez: Yeah. Stewart: I knew the Killian girls really well because Maria and Sylvia were in my class. Martinez: You got that picture with the flume and the sheep and the horses in your book to show them? Two horses and all the-- Stewart: Yeah. Here’s the picture of the well in our can right there. In fact, you can have one of those, because that’s… Here’s the band. [LAUGHTER] Okay, which one are you talking about? Franklin: Oh, yeah, this, yes, I’ve seen this. Martinez: The one with the horses and the hay wagon and the--where the sheep are right behind him. Stewart: Can you see that? Martinez: It was one of your team of horses they used in the wintertime. Franklin: Oh, wow. Martinez: I know you had it; you had it last time I was here. Franklin: Tom, did you have any questions? Anything that came to your mind that you wanted to ask? Martinez: They built a-- 0:40:56 Hungate: When they were asked to move. Why? Franklin: Why--? Martinez: They built that wooden flume. Hungate: What did they speculate-- Franklin: Oh! Hungate: --was the reason they had to move? Franklin: Yeah, yeah, yeah, good. Hungate: Something for the war, but what? Because you can’t help but think, what is it? Martinez: They built a wooden flume for the well that went about three miles over toward the bluff. Hungate: And the mail came from Kennewick. Stewart: Right. Hungate: But you didn’t go shopping there-- Stewart: Not much. Hungate: You went to Yakima. Stewart: Well, not very much. We didn’t hardly go there very much. Hungate: But you said a couple times. Stewart: Yeah. Hungate: I mean, you didn’t go to the Tri-City area-- Stewart: Not very often; only to visit. Hungate: And that would seem to be closer? Stewart: Well, it probably was. Hungate: Maybe about halfway. Stewart: But my folks had friends in Kennewick; we’d go visit. That’s the only thing I can remember. Franklin: Yeah. Hungate: Yeah. 0:41:47 Stewart: Now, here’s something you might be interested in. This was in 1917, the first--my grandfather and another fellow dug a well. And it was only good probably part of the year when the water was running it. See what it was—yeah, isn’t that interesting? Franklin: I like this picture of the well and the guy standing next to it. Hungate: Oh, god. Franklin: That’s pretty neat. Wow. This one with the guy standing next to it. Stewart: Oh, yeah. Hungate: It’s a geyser! Franklin: Yeah, it’s a real gusher. Stewart: Now, this is my grand--is that the same? That isn’t the same one. Hungate: No. Franklin: No, it’s not. Stewart: Okay. This is my grandmother’s well. Look at that. Franklin: The Brown well. Oh, yeah, wow. Stewart: And when they hit that, they didn’t know how to cap it. Martinez: Cap it, yeah. Stewart: Oh, it ran on down; it just went way down in the crick, and they had a heck of a time trying to—yeah. Franklin: Phew, it’s just so—I mean, seeing this well in the treeless--you know. Stewart: Isn’t that something? Franklin: Yeah, it really is something. Stewart: Now here’s another picture of the White Bluffs band. My brother was in it. Franklin: Oh, wow. Hungate: Oh, wow. Franklin: Oh, yeah, there’s that--your brother in Pullman. That thing is still--that’s right outside of the Murrow Building. It’s right outside--it’s right by the old women’s dorm. I know right where this is. Because I’ve been there, like, many times. Hungate: Oh, the memorial? Franklin: Yeah, the little-- Hungate: The veterans’ memorial ting? Franklin: Yes, that’s where it is now. It didn’t always be that, but there it is on the campus. Smart-looking guy. Stewart: Where did you live in Pullman? Franklin: Oh, so I did my master’s in Pullman. Stewart: Oh, you did? Franklin: So I lived in Pullman, and then Tom lived in Pullman for quite a while. Stewart: Okay. Franklin: Yeah. And you said you went to school-- 0:43:36 Stewart: I went to Pullman, yeah. The first year I went, it was--I graduated in ‘47, that fall, and they had just built these dorms for the women and then there was 400 girls, freshman girls and there was 1300 boys. That’s when everyone came home. It was Quonset huts or whatever it is they were. Franklin: Yes. Stewart: You remember that? Well, you probably don’t remember that. Franklin: I did a lot of university history, and I remember the photos, because after the war, they struggled to find places to put all these new students that they had given the GI Bill. Stewart: Well, then the next two years, I was up on the campus at Davis Hall. Up on the-- Hungate: Mm-hmm. Franklin: Yup. Still there. Hungate: Still there. Franklin: Still there. Stewart: I’m sure it is! [LAUGHTER] I didn’t graduate—I didn’t finish, but I got to go for two-and-a-half years. Martinez: Shirley, Shirley, let me see your photos. I’ll find the picture. Franklin: So, Shirley, I had a couple more questions. Stewart: Here. Martinez: Just a minute. Franklin: Okay. Stewart: I don’t know where I put it. Franklin: Oh, I’m sure we have it. When you got the notice to move, I imagine that it must’ve been shocking. Stewart: Terrible shock. Franklin: But I also imagine people must’ve been speculating why. You know, why would they move all these--so do you remember anything about that time? 0:45:00 Stewart: Well, I remember, it was just such a shock, I remember that. And I can remember my mom said, Chester, what are we going to do? I can remember Mama saying that. That was the—what were we gonna do? But Dad never got--I said, and my brother mentions in his book that he was so—he felt that we needed to do something. Franklin: Right, he was very patriotic. Stewart: Very, very, very. Franklin: Did people--did you have-- Stewart: Some of them weren’t. Franklin: Did you ever wonder kind of what was going to happen to all this farmland? Stewart: Oh, yeah! Franklin: Why would the government take it? Stewart: How can they take it with all that fruit hanging on the trees? Franklin: Right. 0:45:45 Stewart: I don’t remember very much about Vernita, those people saying much. I don’t remember. And I don’t think Dad let us hear anybody’s really having a big fit over anything. We knew some of them did, though. I can remember a family or two. Franklin: Do you remember when you found out what—why it was taken? Do you remember when you found out about the dropping of the bomb and that-- Stewart: Oh. We felt-- Franklin: --had happened now at Hanford. Stewart: Then we felt like we had done the right thing. To be real honest with you. That’s the way Dad talked. And whatever he gave up, he felt that it saved all of us. That’s the way my family were. Franklin: Sure. I imagine that must’ve been-- Stewart: And of course my brother was in the service, you know? Franklin: Yeah, yeah. I imagine that must’ve been a big shock, too, right? Stewart: Oh, it was! Franklin: That that had happened in what had been your home. 0:46:41 Stewart: Yeah. And to think of leaving it. That was hard, yeah. But anyway, with Dad—and then after the war, of course, Dad didn’t—they didn’t need the guards anymore. So he decided—he knew he wanted to locate back in the Basin. But he didn’t want to start another farm, because that was--so he suited an old pickup and sold auto parts. There were jobbers in those days. So he got an idea of maybe he could find a place that he’d like to take over. And that’s what he did. He found a place in Stratford, and it was a little grocery store and service station. And he just loved that. He did. It was kind of a, everybody would come in and have coffee in the morning and that type of thing. They were putting in the Long Lake Dam and the canals just when Dad first bought that. So he had all these workers in there for a number of years, which worked really good—he did really well. Franklin: Where was this again? Stewart: Stratford. Out of Moses Lake, straight north from Moses Lake. There’s Stratford Road that goes just out of Soap Lake. You know where Soap Lake is? Franklin: Kind of. I think you probably know that area a lot better, Tom. Stewart: In Ephrata. Hungate: Near Ephrata. Stewart: Ephrata. Franklin: Tom was based in Wenatchee for a long time. Stewart: Yeah, so Ephrata, yeah. Franklin: Okay, interesting. So is that where he and your mom settled, out there? Stewart: Yeah. That’s where we settled, and they had it for about 20 years. My mother passed away--he was there about five or six years after Mom died. Anyway, yeah. And he really—and then later, there was a lot of hunting and fishing, so then he sold a lot of fishing and shells and stuff, you know, and lunch, mostly lunch-type things. So that worked really good for him, people hunting and they’d come in there. Franklin: Yeah. And your brother was in the service in the war. Stewart: Yes. Franklin: When did leave for the war? And was he in the service when you were evicted? Stewart: No. Franklin: Okay. 0:49:00 Stewart: No. He was, I think--let’s see--graduated--’40. He graduated in 1940. He was in college. Franklin: Oh, okay, so he was in Pullman. Stewart: Let me see. He was at Pullman. Franklin: How did he take the news--how did he-- Stewart: Well-- Franklin: When you got the notice, how did he-- Stewart: I just don’t remember. I don’t’ remember. But I do know that then he got in the B12 training his second year at WSU. And then that summer he was sent back east to finish getting his—in the Navy. And he was a lieutenant. Franklin: And what did he do after the war? Now that he kind of couldn’t come back. Stewart: Oh. He came back to Pullman and finished and got his degree in agronomy. Franklin: Okay, that’s right, you mentioned that. 0:49:45 Stewart: And he worked about three or four years in Colfax. They lived in Colfax. And then he got a really good job out of Vancouver, and he was there for a number of years, eleven years I think. And then he was sent to Silverton, Oregon, and then finally ended up the head guy out of Salem, Oregon, the head guy, yeah. He did that all those years. Franklin: And then you eventually came here to where we are. You said you’ve been here 66 years. Stewart: Yeah, uh-huh. [LAUGHTER] Yeah! Yeah. My husband was a cowboy. Franklin: Yeah? Stewart: And my kids are cowboys. [LAUGHTER] I have one grandson that was in the national finals twice. Franklin: Wow. Stewart: Yeah, and he’s team roper. That was in ‘99. And then 2000--let’s see, ’98 and ‘99 and 2000 he went to the national finals in team roping. Well, then after that, he got hurt. [VIDEO FILE CORRUPTED] Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with Shirley Stewart Subject The topic of the resource Hanford (Wash.) White Bluffs (Wash.) Description An account of the resource Shirley Stewart's father, Chester McGee, settled in the Cold Creek area and drilled the last, and one of the largest, artesian wells on the central plateau. Shirley grew up on the McGee homestead and attended school in White Bluffs. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Oral History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Oral History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1/17/2020 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this oral history should contact the Hanford History Project, who can provide specific rights information for this item. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 Language A language of the resource English Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. The Hanford Oral History Project operated under a sub-contract from Mission Support Alliance (MSA), who were the primary contractors for the US Department of Energy's curatorial services relating to the Hanford site. This oral history project became a part of the Hanford History Project in 2015, and continues to add to the US Department of Energy collection. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F8cb143e89916aa0afa68367bf91d52fd.JPG e123c8b06a200ffab7c43b07f6e8ec39 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F9dd90cc6aac4bf4dd9bf4487c9e1bdc7.mp4 83fffa719d331b65d485ff782228aed4 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Post-1943 Oral Histories Subject The topic of the resource Oral histories with residents about the Hanford area during and following the Second World War Description An account of the resource Oral histories with residents about the Hanford area during and following the Second World War Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Robert Franklin Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed John McFadden Location The location of the interview Washington State University Tri-Cities Transcription Any written text transcribed from a sound Robert Franklin: All right, my name is Robert Franklin. I am conducting an oral history interview with John McFadden on September 20, 2018. The interview is being conducted on the campus of Washington State University Tri-Cities. I will be talking with John about his father’s experiences and his own experiences living at the towns, the town of Hanford, and then the Manhattan Project and afterward. For the record, can you state and spell your full name for us? John McFadden: Yes, my name is John McFadden. J-O-H-N. M-C-capital-F-A-D-D-E-N. Franklin: So, let’s start talking about your father. Tell me, where and when was he born? McFadden: My dad was born in 1911 in Ellensburg, Washington. Franklin: Oh, so kind of already a local guy? McFadden: Absolutely. He was--his father-in-law was the sheriff of Kittitas County, and original or very original member of Roslyn, back before Washington was a state. And he was--his father-in-law was actually the sheriff and a judge and a mayor, and all kinds of things in Roslyn. Then after it became a state, he got Roslyn involved in statehood as well as--then he ran as the sheriff of Kittitas County. And he became the sheriff of Kittitas County, and his daughter then married my grandfather, and my father was a product of grandfather and my grandmother. Franklin: Right. Do you remember the gentleman’s name who was the sheriff? McFadden: I certainly do. Isaac Brown. Franklin: Okay. McFadden: He came over from England and started as a miner and became a pretty, kind of a big shot in Roslyn, back in the day. Franklin: Yeah, the history of Roslyn is really, really quite an interesting history in Washington State. McFadden: Yes, yes. Franklin: So, your dad was born in Ellensburg. McFadden: Correct. Franklin: And how does he find his way down to the town of Hanford? McFadden: Oh! Well, okay. His father, my grandfather, was a senior engineer on the Northern Pacific Railroad. And so, he was--he went to work for the Northern Pacific in 1901, as I found out, after starting his career in Mexico. History had it that he went there and worked for Pancho Villa. I’ve since proven, no, that’s just another McFadden lore. Anyway, he came to Ellensburg with the Northern Pacific Railway, met and married my grandmother, and then was transferred to Pasco. So, he was a railroader in Pasco from about 1914 or so, till his death in 1942. Franklin: Wow. McFadden: So that’s how Dad got there. Franklin: Down to the Tri-Cities area. McFadden: Yes, yes, to Pasco. And Dad went, then, to Washington State College and graduated in 1936 with a degree in education. Went to work as a high school teacher, history teacher and coach and principal of Hover High School in the old town of Hover. Franklin: Oh! Yeah, kind of south of Finley. McFadden: Hover-Finley, yup. Franklin: We actually, I think a year ago, we interviewed a group of brothers in their 90s who grew up in Hover. Because, you know, you probably know, Hover was covered by the dam, by either McNary or Ice Harbor, it covered--oh, that’s really interesting, neat. McFadden: Yeah, correct. Franklin: Okay, so he’s down in Hover. McFadden: Right. And then in 1940, he had an opportunity to go to Hanford and he became what I have heard; I can’t--who knows?--the youngest superintendent in the state of Washington. I believe it was 26, if I remember correctly. So, he was then superintendent of schools at Hover from 1940 through ‘42 or ‘43. I’m-- Franklin: Sorry, Hover or Hanford? McFadden: Oh, Hanford. I’m sorry, yes, Hanford. Yeah, I get all the Hs mixed up. Franklin: No, its no problem. They’re pretty close geographically-- McFadden. And historically. None of them are there. So yeah that’s how he got there. Franklin: Did your father ever talk about life at Hanford and what it was like and what kind of town? McFadden: No. Not really. Mom talked every now and then. Franklin: Oh, yeah, sorry, let’s go back. When did your father marry your mother? McFadden: I believe that was 1937. Franklin: Okay. McFadden: She was a graduate of Central--no, that would be--yeah, Central Washington Normal Teachers College. Franklin: Teachers College, yup. And she’s from Ellensburg as well? McFadden: No. She’s from Walla Walla. Franklin: Oh, okay. McFadden: Yeah. And her father was the resident manager of Pacific Power and Light Company in Walla Walla. And Dad courted her on a friend’s motorcycle. Franklin: Oh, wow. McFadden: Which didn’t go over well with the country club head of Pacific Power and Light, you know. When a railroad engineer’s son would call on his daughter on a motorcycle. Franklin: Yeah, I bet not. McFadden: [LAUGHTER] Anyway, so-- Franklin: So, she moved, then, with him to Hover and then to Hanford. McFadden: Yes. Franklin: But so she expressed history or-- McFadden: Yes. Franklin: Can you kind of relate some of that to us? McFadden: She loved it there. Had lots of friends in the grange. Was not able to continue teaching because it would take away a teaching job from a man. And her job was to stay home and have kids, I guess. But, yeah, she loved the friendship of the community. Everybody was involved. I have--she saved--Dad saved very little--but she saved like programs and so on that they’d put on in the high school or the grange, and this group would sing, and Mrs. So-and-so would bring cookies and they’d--yeah, it was that kind of a community, White Bluffs and Hanford and so on. As I understand from Mom, yes. Yeah. Franklin: And--oh, shoot. I just lost my question. Keep going and hopefully my question will-- McFadden: Oh. So, yeah, and there of course was no doctor in Hanford. So, I was born in Our Lady of Lourdes Hospital, which was exactly two blocks from my father’s home that he grew up in Pasco. And I think the total--well, I still have the total bill. It was like $6.96 for the room and my--all of those things. So, I wasn’t actually technically born in the town of Hanford, but everybody in the town of Hanford thought I was, because there weren’t-- Franklin: Well, I mean--yeah. McFadden: Yeah. But they spoke a lot of the camaraderie, and I saw that in later years when I would find, after my dad moved on from that and all of those places, that there would be people who were working for his school district who had been residents in White Bluffs or at Hanford or, in other words, still a community connection, still. Franklin: Where was your parents’ house in the town of Hanford? Do you know? Have you ever bene out to see it, or do you know where it is on the map? McFadden: I have found it on the map, because of the grange insurance always put coordinates on the map. I have all of the grange information that my mother collected. So I actually had the coordinates, so I went into the old declassified maps of Hanford-White Bluffs and that entire reservation area, and was actually able to find my mother and father’s name and where it was. And then using the coordinates, came close. But you know, some of the coordinates are different today than they were at that time. Franklin: Sure. What were your mother and father’s names? McFadden: Oh. My father was Charles B. McFadden. He went by CB. And my mother was Eileen McFadden. Yeah. Franklin: And so then, the big defining event of Hanford, of the whole site, is the eviction. McFadden: Correct. Franklin: Did your parents--what do you know about the eviction on you and your parents? McFadden: Well, my father really never spoke about it. My mother told stories of, they were given like two weeks or three weeks of a notice and had to pack up and leave. That’s my childhood recollection of what she said. Dad--you know, it’s very interesting, he talked a lot about Hover and before. And he talked a lot about Hanford until. And it was like, we don’t talk about that, because--I just don’t know. Franklin: Sure. Do you think that it affected him? You know, emotionally, or--? McFadden: Yes. Yes, I--yes, I do. It was something he loved, being in that community. And he loved his job there. And he was working very hard to get the high school and the Hanford schools accredited. He wrote letters to Pearl Wanamaker, who was the superintendent of public instruction at the time. I have letters going from my father to her and then back from her to my father, saying, there isn’t enough population and student numbers to accredit your schools at this time. But keep trying. By the way, you’ve got a tremendous library and history program there. But it never came to fruition in my dad’s time, and I have a feeling that that bothered him till the end of his days. Franklin: What was so important about getting the schools accredited? Do you know? McFadden: I believe that it had to do with federal monies, that if your school was accredited, then you could get more matching funds from the state to improve programs and to do those. And I believe that was his driving force. Later on, that became an important part of the next phase of his life after that. Franklin: And when were you born? McFadden: I was born in 1942. Franklin; What day and-- McFadden: Well, I’m old. Okay, no. April the 11th, 1942. Yeah. Franklin: So you were pretty eleven--sorry, I’m writing the word eleven--the number eleven while I’m trying to talk. So, you were pretty young. McFadden: Yeah, absolutely. I have no personal memories at all of Hanford. I have pictures of where we lived at the time when we came back, and Dad worked for DuPont in the Hanford Project. Franklin: Yes, so let’s talk about that, because I’ve heard of employees--I’ve heard of former residents going back for DuPont, and I just--it’s hard to imagine how different that must’ve been for people that lived out there to watch that transformation, and to play a part in its transformation. McFadden: Yeah, I always had the feeling that Dad did that as his part of the war effort. You know, they were at war and for some medical reasons and also because of his size, he kept being turned down for service. Franklin: Too small? Too tall? McFadden: No, he was six-six and weighed about 240 pounds. Franklin; Oh, wow, that is tall. McFadden: So, they couldn’t fit him into a uniform. They said, oh, wow. Well. And it really bothered him. As a matter of fact, later on, when I went into the service, he pulled me aside and he said, I’m really proud. You’re doing something that I wasn’t able to do, son. So, I took it, that moment, that that bothered him big time. So, he went back to do, I think--I feel--his part for the defense of our country. Franklin: And what was his job at Hanford? McFadden: The best I can--well, I know for a fact, he was an investigator. Franklin: For DuPont. McFadden: For DuPont. He went to work for DuPont in, that would’ve been June of 1943. And he worked for them through September of 1944 when he went to Moses Lake, population 360, to become superintendent of schools there. Franklin: Wow. Yeah, before the Cold War, Moses Lake was a pretty sparsely-- McFadden: I do have memories of that. Franklin: Wow. I was just there at a conference last summer, and, yeah, it’s an interesting little spot. What was he investigating? People? Like a police investigator? McFadden: No, from what I’ve been able to ascertain, first off, he never talked about it. Ever. Sworn to secrecy. That’s, oh! Franklin: Right. Classified. McFadden: Oh! You don’t talk about that, son. But he’d tell me something that was really interesting. He said, well, I’ll just put it this way. Spies don’t work a 40-hour week, so neither does your father. [LAUGHTER] Okay? Okay? Franklin: That’s a really great quote. McFadden: Yeah. That’s what I was told. So I take that to mean he was checking on employees, investigating, are you talking on the side, do you---those kind of things. Franklin: Yeah, yeah, yeah. Where did your family live during this time where your father worked for DuPont? McFadden: We lived in Riverview Homes in Pasco. It was commonly known, the housing project. Franklin: Oh! That’s right. Before the camera started, you mentioned that your father was involved in trying to get the Pasco Naval training at the town of Hanford. McFadden: Correct. Franklin: Right? I’d like to hear more about that. McFadden: Oh! Well, I discovered letters--as I mentioned before, my mother never threw anything away. She used mucilage glue and glued everything to pages. Franklin: Well, as an archivist I love the first part of that, and hate the second part of that. McFadden: Yeah, well, you should try to tear some of them out. Franklin: We just don’t--yeah, it’s the worst stuff and it browns stuff. McFadden: Yeah. Franklin: Well, that’s how we learn. McFadden: Yeah, no, that’s true. And gotta love my mother, you know? Franklin: She was here. McFadden; Well, no, that’s true. Yes, he was involved at writing to the naval reserve in Seattle, to try to arrange to set up a pilot training program in and around Hanford and White Bluffs, because of the terrain and the masses of--there was a lot of land and very few population centers and so on. So I have correspondence back and forth between them, and the last one stating that, while there are other things involved--this is the one that I’d mentioned earlier. So he was always concerned about helping his high school students get careers and gainful employment whether during the war years or even till he passed on. Franklin: Right, I mean, that would bring a lot of jobs. Because you would not only have the jobs but also the economy service built around that. McFadden: And there might have been an ulterior motive to get more students into his high schools and schools so that they could get accredited. [LAUGHTER] Franklin: Sadly, the military had bigger designs. But Pasco, though, if memory serves me right, Pasco did become a major naval training center-- McFadden: They did. Franklin: --for the Pacific and one of the largest railroad depots in the United States. McFadden: That is correct. I have lots of great childhood memories going down to the roundhouse in Pasco and all those kinds of things with Grandpa and with--yeah, anyway. Franklin: What did your mother do during the war? McFadden: Ah, well, okay. She was a housewife. She also would substitute teach in the schools. She was very involved in the Eastern Star and the grange. Whatever there was to do, my mother had to, apparently, have a finger in it. Franklin: Really? McFadden: Yup. [female off-camera] She watched airplanes constantly. McFadden: Oh, yeah. She did, yes. Okay. Franklin: Oh, okay. Thank you. McFadden: Our little time in Acosta, she would take me down to the beach, and she was a spotter for the government. So she would sit in a spotting shack with me and look at airplanes. And she had--I still have somewhere; I can’t find them--all of the silhouettes of the airplanes that she would have to-- Franklin: Right, the Japanese bombers and-- McFadden: Correct, correct. Franklin: Wow. McFadden: So, she did that for--yeah. Franklin: Oh, that’s really cool. So, you lived in the Riverview Homes in Pasco until ‘44 when your family moved up to Moses Lake. McFadden: Moses Lake, yes. Franklin: So, what do you--I mean, you were really young, but what do you--what are your memories of wartime Pasco, if any? Because I imagine that must’ve been a bustling, bustling place. McFadden: Well, what I remember is that for the most part, my great-uncle John and my uncle Norm involved all of the little boy cousins at going to the roundhouse and talking to all the people coming in. I do remember trains coming into the Pasco station and going down with Mom in my little buggy. We’d watch, like, workers come in. I don’t know if that had anything to do with my dad’s job. I don’t know that. But they would bring them in by the trainload and then of course, bus them or whatever they did, to--yeah. But other than that, no. My memories really start in Moses Lake. Franklin: Sure, I mean, that makes sense, time-wise. McFadden: Yeah, yeah. Franklin: So how long did your family stay in Moses Lake? McFadden: We moved there in 1944 and we moved out in 1956. Franklin: Oh okay. McFadden: So Dad was superintendent of schools there from 1944 through 1956. Franklin: That, I imagine--was that a major period of change for Moses Lake? McFadden: Yes. Franklin: Because when was--the air base was constructed somewhere-- McFadden: Well, yeah, the air base was there, I know for a fact, in 1942. It stayed there--I don’t recall. We were gone when it was finally shut. But it was at first, Moses Lake Army Airfield. I do remember that. And then there was the Ephrata Army Airfield. Yeah, when we moved to Moses Lake, I know there were 360 people. And it had just been changed, the town’s name, from Nepal or Neppel to Moses Lake. And when we moved from Moses Lake in 1956, there were 12,900 people there. And that didn’t include the air base. Franklin: Wow. McFadden: So when we moved there, there was one school for the grade school and high school. When we left, there were all kinds of junior highs and new high schools and all kinds of things. Franklin: Must’ve been pretty exciting for your father to try to just keep things going. Or you know. During that period of growth like that. McFadden: Yes, yes, yes. And that’s also where I learned that the Japanese internment camps, during World War II? Not all Japanese went to internment camps. Franklin: Yeah. McFadden: There were many who came to Moses Lake, Quincy. So, I’m from Bainbridge Island and so forth. And they could work on the farms in the agriculture there. So yeah. Franklin: Yeah, actually, earlier this week, we interviewed the Yamauchi family, who is from Pasco. The Columbia River was the dividing line for Executive Order 9066. Part of the family was interned, but part of the family was allowed to stay in Pasco. Which is really something. Just an amazing history. McFadden: Yeah. I have found some correspondence between Japanese students that my father had in Moses Lake. Where they, after the war was over, they sent greetings to my father and my mother for all of the--for being congenial and friends and so on during that time. And I’m trying to contact those families and make sure they get the actual letters. Because I think that’s important. It’s a fond memory for me, but it’s personal for them. So, I’m in the process of trying to do that. Franklin: Oh, that’s really wonderful. How old were you when you first remember learning about Hanford and what your father had been a part of? McFadden: Well, what my father had been a part of, probably 60 years old. What my father was a part of. My mother’s tales started at early childhood. Yes, yeah. But what my father actually did--he always spoke highly of Hanford, Hanford High School, all of those parts. But he never said anything about DuPont and those times. Franklin: Well, how old were you when you found out about the Hanford Engineering Works and the atomic bomb--that your father was connected with the work to build the bomb? McFadden: Well, I think, by inference, I was probably in my 40s. Franklin: Oh, okay. McFadden: Okay? As far as knowing for real, my research that I’ve done lately. We always knew that Hanford--I mean, I always had the information that that’s what they were doing there, building that bomb, making those things. So I knew that he had to have something to do with it somehow. Because I had a feeling that I know he did work there, but I didn’t know anything about what he did. Never said a word. So, yeah. Franklin: Wow, wow. McFadden: I’m sure he contributed to the airplane. Franklin: Yeah, I would imagine so, because that came in June or July or ‘44. McFadden: Yes, yeah. Day’s Pay. Franklin: Yes. In fact, the son of the pilot of that is coming next week. McFadden: Oh, wow. Franklin: To town to take a tour and stuff like that. Yeah, it’s really quite a busy few weeks around here. McFadden: Well, yeah, yeah, that’s great. Franklin: It just seems always to happen, too, around the--because we’re getting close to the anniversary of the startup of B Reactor, and all of those things. McFadden: Yes, yeah. Yeah. Franklin: Did your father keep--did your family keep in touch with anybody from the old town fo Hanford? From the town itself, not the McFadden: Ah, yes. Yes, they did. And once again, here’s where you learn later in life. I graduated from a school called Connell High School, okay, which is-- Franklin: Right. McFadden: Yeah, just down the road. Franklin: miles-ish? McFadden: Yeah, from Pasco. Across from Ringgold and that way. Franklin: Still kind of in the area. McFadden: Yes. And what I learned is that Dad stayed in touch with several families from before those times. But I didn’t really understand that until I started doing research and, wow, this name is familiar. You’re kidding me! Franklin: Do you remember the names? McFadden: Some, yes. One is the Weber family. Another is the Heideman family. And then there was the Purser family, and they lived in Ringgold. Franlkin: Oh, right, across the-- McFadden: across the river, mm-hmm, yes. And see if there’s anymore. Well, then there was the Collie family. And I think you have an interview with one of the Collies. Franklin: Do we? McFadden: Mm-hmm, or maybe it’s in another site. But yeah, the Collies were early settlers around here as well. They had properties out in Hanford, they lived out there. Yeah. So. Franklin: Did your father ever go to the Hanford-White Bluffs reunion? McFadden: One. Franklin: One. McFadden: Yeah. Franklin: Which one? McFadden: Well--okay. It was the one, it had to have been held in the ‘70s sometime. AN they were allowed back on the reservation. Franklin: Was that the first time that that ever happened? McFadden: That was the first time they were ever back. Franklin: So I think that was the ‘68 reunion, because we have a lot of pictures from that reunion from Harry Anderson, who helped lead those with Annette Heriford. So, I think that’s ‘68, if I’m-- McFadden: No. That could absolutely be true. But I know Mom and Dad talked about that forever. Franklin: Really? McFadden: Oh, yeah. They said they got to go back on the reservation and-- Franklin: When we get back to my office, remind me to show you some photos of that, and maybe-- McFadden: Okay. Franklin: It’d be really neat, maybe if somehow, you know, your parents were in one of these photos. McFadden: Oh, that’d be great. Yeah. Franklin: Okay. McFadden: That’d be superb. Franklin: And I believe they had that reunion in Richland, and then, yeah, they bussed them out to the site. McFadden: yeah, yeah. Franklin: Great. Oh, that’s really--and so you, after Moses Lake, I’m inferring, but you moved to Connell. McFadden: Well, actually, we spent two years in Tacoma. Franklin: Okay. McFadden: And then we moved back to Connell, yes. Franklin: And then you ended up going to WSU. McFadden: Go Cougs! Franklin: Yeah, yeah. Go Cougs! McFadden: Yeah. Yeah, I did. Franklin: Yeah, it’s a wonderful place. McFadden: Yeah, yeah. Franklin: And then, did you ever come back to the area at all? The Tri-Cities, Hanford area? McFadden: To live, or--? Franklin: Yeah, to live or work. McFadden: Not really, no. No, no, no. I’ve come back many times. I’ve taken all the tours at Hanford and done that. But as a matter of fact, as I mentioned to you earlier, I went on one of the very first pre-Hanford tours. And actually got to stand and look at my father’s high school, the shell that’s left. And I don’t know if I should say this out loud, ubt they let me go ahead of the fence so that I could--you know. Franklin: Well, every now and then for special folks--like we had Dick Groves, the grandson of Leslie Groves here. McFadden: Oh, sure. Franklin: A couple months ago and they took him all over the place. Because he’s--you know. Because--you know. When you’re the grandson of Leslie Groves. McFadden: yeah, hey! When you have a park named after you--[LAUGHTER] Franklin: Right, exactly. That tends to open a few doors, literally. Well, that’s great. Yeah, it’s a wonderful tour. Where did your parents end up settling and staying? McFadden: Oh! Okay. They actually ended up in Brush Prairie, Washington. Franklin: Where is that? McFadden: That’s outside of Vancouver, Washington. Dad finished out his career in a town called Stevenson, Washington, which is up the Columbia Gorge. He retired there. And Mom went back to work as a special education teacher. And so she finished out her 30-year career. Then they retired and motorhomed and did the good life and Dad passed away in ‘82, and Mom passed on in ‘84. Franklin: Oh, wow. McFadden: So, yeah. But they ended up in Brush Prairie. Franklin: Well that’s really cool. So your father, at the Hanford Engineering Works for DuPont, from what you gather, is part of the security apparatus? McFadden: Correct. His official title that I can--is investigator. Yes. He was there on the reservation and we know where his office was. Franklin: Where was that? McFadden: Well, it was on a map. Franklin: Oh, okay. McFadden: So what I’ve done is I’ve taken the Google map that they have and you can still see all the outlines of things on that map. Franklin: yeah, are you talking about the construction camp? McFadden: Yes, mm-hmm, and the headquarters and that. So then I have another map that was done back in--that showed the actual what it was and give the, like the bus stops and number and that. So I’ve imposed the two over each other and it had the investigative offices, so I knew that’s where he must’ve worked out of. Franklin: Did your father ever bring you on Site? McFadden: No. Franklin: Okay. McFadden: Not that I--no. No. Franklin: And let’s see here. I think that’s most of my questions. What would you like--what do you think your parents would want future generations to know about living at Hanford before the project and kind of living through the Manhattan Project and the transformation of this area? McFadden: Well, I--wow, that’s a great question. I think that they would want young people today to know that they were citizens and people of courage who had huge convictions, not always agreeing, but had convictions that America was the best place in the world you could be or live and had given them and their families tremendous opportunities to flourish and to do what they chose to do with their lives. And that the Hanford Project was somewhat unfair to those citizens who had gone to this rock-scrabble land next to a river and made it into a beautiful orchard country and agriculture and built themselves their own irrigation system before that was really a big deal. And then they came in, and they were just told to leave, basically, and paid peanuts for what they had, their hard work, and their camaraderie and community and all that, had built these towns. And it was gone. And with really very little notice. And really very little consequence, except this is what is going to happen. And they’d like to know that it was part of a success and helped end a war. And that it was part of the patriotic duties that we’ve done to keep our country free. I think that’s what they’d like to have people remember, and that it was a hard-working group of people. It was a time when everybody came together. Yeah. So. Franklin: Great. That reminded me, when you talked about when people were removed, did your parents, do you know anything about the compensation that the government paid to your parents? McFadden: I do not Franklin: Okay. McFadden: No. Franklin: Okay. McFadden: Except Mom said it was paltry. Franklin: Yeah, that’s seems to be the prevailing--from what we’ve seen-- McFadden: But what “paltry” means, I don’t know. Franklin: What we’ve seen from the financial documents was that it was pretty wide-ranging, but some of the valuations were pretty low. McFadden: Yeah. Well, I got a kick out the history of the Bruggemans: We ain’t going. And so they had to keep sending--you will be gone. But, yeah, yeah. So. Franklin: Yeah, no, so many great stories to tell out there. Well, John, thank you so much. McFadden: Oh! It’s my pleasure and thank you for the opportunity to speak for my folks. Franklin: Mm-hmm. Tom, did you have any questions? Tom Hungate: No. Franklin: Okay, great, well, thanks. McFadden: Thank you! Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 37:56 Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 317kbps Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Interview with John McFadden Subject The topic of the resource Hanford (Wash.) Hanford Site (Wash.) Du Pont Company Pasco (Wash.) Description An account of the resource John McFadden's father, Charles, was the superintendent of the Hanford (Wash.) school district and later an investigator workig for the Du Pont Company. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Oral History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Oral History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 9/20/2018 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this oral history should contact the Hanford History Project, who can provide specific rights information for this item. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video/mp4 Language A language of the resource English Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. The Hanford Oral History Project operated under a sub-contract from Mission Support Alliance (MSA), who were the primary contractors for the US Department of Energy's curatorial services relating to the Hanford site. This oral history project became a part of the Hanford History Project in 2015, and continues to add to the US Department of Energy collection. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F6d99616107b324f5ebd55f99fcb9176a.docx 2c0ebe3d135a3f865f0cdb7f6734f3c0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Guide to the Pre-Manhattan Project Towns of Hanford, White Bluffs, and Richland Subject The topic of the resource The towns of Hanford, White Bluffs and Richland Washington prior to 1943. Description An account of the resource Project funded by the Benton County, Washington Historical Preservation Grant. A virtual guide to the communities displaced when the federal government inaugurated the Manhattan Project on the Hanford Site in 1943. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Willard J. Kincaid Willard J. Kincaid is a fondly-remembered and prominent figure in the pre-Manhattan Project history of the Hanford area. A banker and community advocate, he helped develop the White Bluffs area into a thriving town while taking on several projects to better the community such as the Priest Rapids Irrigation District, where he served on the board and helped to secure the necessary funds to get the district up and running. Kincaid was also the proprietor and manager of the White Bluffs Bank, which served White Bluffs and its surrounding areas including Vernita and the Priest Rapids Valley. Kincaid worked for the White Bluffs Bank from the time he relocated to White Bluffs from Farmer, Washington in 1909, to the time he retired in the 1940s, when he subsequently relocated to Riverside, California.<a title="">[1]</a> During his many decades in White Bluffs, Kincaid and other businessmen built a golf course, started several commercial clubs and women’s clubs, and Kincaid was often the chair of many of these meetings.<a title="">[2]</a> In December of 1930, he was elected to the Priest Rapids Irrigation District’s board of trustees after having resigned his director’s position in September to legitimize the project and get it off the ground.<a title="">[3]</a> Irrigation projects in this part of the Priest Rapids Valley had a short and troubled history of fiscal insolvency and difficulty delivering water, starting with the Priest Rapids Irrigation and Power Company in 1905 and continuing until the eviction of residents in 1943.<a title="">[4]</a> Eventually the Priest Rapids Irrigation District did get off the ground and operated from 1920 to 1943, when it was condemned by the federal government in an effort to clear the land for use on the Manhattan Project<a title="">[5]</a>. However, due to various snags within the court system, the district was unable to operate for several years, according to Kincaid’s journal entries. During the Depression, which by Kincaid’s own admission started affecting him and his business in 1931, the financial situation was so dire that the Chicago, Milwaukee, St. Paul and Pacific Railroad Company had to float Kincaid and others the necessary money to keep the district in operation, which was also supplemented with money from the State Irrigation Revolving Fund to deepen the power canal, which would strengthen the power plant’s operations in the district<a title="">[6]</a>. The land itself was the subject of a lawsuit in 1950, where it was formally dissolved under eminent domain, after it was established that the United States of America had no further interest or use for the Priest Rapids site.<a title="">[7]</a> Elsewhere in local affairs, Kincaid had a hand in the construction of the Soldier Settlements. Construction on the settlement began in 1922, with he and others in the community appearing in front of the board of Regents at Washington State University, then known as Washington State College, successfully convincing the University to sell 840 acres of land to the committee on which Kincaid was a member<a title="">[8]</a>. Later, in 1925, the land settlement project was brought forth again, and again Kincaid made his case, urging a joint session of the legislature to adjust so that the land was suitable for such a settlement.<a title="">[9]</a> After leaving White Bluffs in the early 1940s Kincaid journeyed first up to Bellingham, where he worked in the business office of a lumber company, before going to Riverside, California. He also briefly came out of retirement to work as a bank cashier.<a title="">[10]</a> Kincaid died in 1970 at the age of 86. During his life, he was integral in White Bluffs’ slow growth as a small, but proud community, until its abrupt abandonment in 1943, when the US Government requisitioned the land around White Bluffs for use on the Manhattan Project. Bibliography Kincaid Black, Virginia. “Willard John Kincaid” By M. Jay Haney. Hanford History Project. <a href="http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614">http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614</a> Parker, Martha Berry. Tales Of Richland, White Bluffs and Hanford 1805-1943: Before The Atomic Reserve. Fairfield, Washington: Ye Galleon Press, 1979. “Prospect Bright For Enlargement Of Project” White Bluffs Spokesman. Dec. 29th, 1922. Vol 16, No. 22. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> Virginia Kincaid Black. “Willard John Kincaid” By M. Jay Haney. Hanford History Project. http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614 </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Virginia Kincaid Black. “Willard John Kincaid” By M. Jay Haney. Hanford History Project. http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614 </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> White Bluffs spokesman. (White Bluffs, Wash.), 19 Sept. 1930. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. <<a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093008/1930-09-19/ed-1/seq-1/">https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093008/1930-09-19/ed-1/seq-1/</a>> </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Martha Berry Parker, Tales of Richland, White Bluffs & Hanford 1805-1943: Before the Atomic Reserve (Fairfield, Washington:Ye Galleon Press, 1979), pp. </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> United States v. Priest Rapids Irr. Dist, 175 F.2d 524 (9th Cir. 1949). Casetext. </div> <div> <a title="">[6]</a> Virginia Kincaid Black. “Kincaid Family History,” Hanford History Project, accessed May 1, 2023, http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614. </div> <div> <a title="">[7]</a> The United States of America, appellant, v. Priest Rapids Irrigation District et. Al, respondents. No. 31547. En Banc. Supreme Court December 14, 1950. <a href="http://courts.mrsc.org/supreme/037wn2d/037wn2d0623.htm">http://courts.mrsc.org/supreme/037wn2d/037wn2d0623.htm</a> </div> <div> <a title="">[8]</a> White Bluffs spokesman. [vol. 16, no. 22] (White Bluffs, Wash.), 29 Dec. 1922. Chronicling America: Historic American Newspapers. Lib. of Congress. <<a href="https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093008/1922-12-29/ed-1/seq-1/">https://chroniclingamerica.loc.gov/lccn/sn87093008/1922-12-29/ed-1/seq-1/</a>> </div> <div> <a title="">[9]</a> Virginia Kincaid Black. “Kincaid Family History,” Hanford History Project, accessed May 1, 2023, http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614. </div> <div> <a title="">[10]</a> Virginia Kincaid Black. “Kincaid Family History,” Hanford History Project, accessed May 1, 2023, http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614. </div> </div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Willard J. Kincaid Subject The topic of the resource A virtual guide to the communities displaced when the federal government inaugurated the Manhattan Project on the Hanford Site in 1943. Funded by the Benton County, Washington Historical Preservation Grant. Description An account of the resource Biography of Willard J. Kincaid, manager of the First Bank of White Bluffs Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Written by Mark Schafer Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F3daf4ac842bdddc7ac0e11646b39a6d5.docx a94fe48282ca217b63ff6479fd460772 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Guide to the Pre-Manhattan Project Towns of Hanford, White Bluffs, and Richland Subject The topic of the resource The towns of Hanford, White Bluffs and Richland Washington prior to 1943. Description An account of the resource Project funded by the Benton County, Washington Historical Preservation Grant. A virtual guide to the communities displaced when the federal government inaugurated the Manhattan Project on the Hanford Site in 1943. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource The Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Robberies in the towns of Hanford and White Bluffs, WA The White Bluffs Bank was robbed in March of 1922 by three men: John Burke, C.L. Potter and John Morrison<a title="">[1]</a>, and each were sentenced between 5 and 25 years in prison.<a title="">[2]</a> However, rumors persist that the bank was robbed multiple times in the few decades of its existence. In 1977, Virginia Kincaid Black, the daughter of White Bluffs bank manger W.J. Kincaid, gave an account of her fathers business which stated that one day she and the entire town witnessed two robbers getting apprehended by the police after attempting to rob the First National Bank of White Bluffs.<a title="">[3]</a> Kincaid said “it was quite a day for White Bluffs, to go out to go to the community hall…and the robbers went by.”<a title="">[4]</a> She also said that the robbers did not get very far, only making it to Yakima. However, no date is given for this robbery in the interview itself, and searches of the local newspapers and other literature of the time only turn up information on the first robbery in March of 1922. With all respect and gratitude towards her telling, Virginia Kincaid is likely mistaken about the second robbery, creating a narrative that has persisted for years and one that has ascended to the status of local legend. It is quite possible that the robbery she is referring to is the robbery of H.H. Boie’s dry goods and general store in November of 1915. H.H. Boie was a local businessman, operating the store, which opened March 17, 1910, after he came to the area in the summer of 1909<a title="">[5]</a>. Additionally, he also served as a freemason and his wife was very active in women’s clubs around the area for several years. The two robbers stole about one hundred dollars ($2,988.48 in 2023) from Boie’s safe, with the two men making the theft cleanly or having “left behind no clew” (sic) according to the Kennewick Courier.<a title="">[6]</a> They then retreated to a cabin about 40 miles away in nearby Beverly, before Sheriff C.E. Duffy and deputy James Shepherd arrested the two men, holding them in Prosser after they failed to provide satisfactory justification for their presence in the county<a title="">[7]</a>. Boie’s store was robbed again in a separate incident on the night of November 1st, 1932, in which the thieves stole between five and six hundred dollars worth of merchandise, according to Boie’s own estimation. The thieves broke in by breaking the padlock and picking the lock on the front door<a title="">[8]</a>. Some of the merchandise stolen included “cigarettes, cigars, gum, watches, rings, men’s and women’s clothing, underwear, gloves, women’s hats, groceries, etc.”<a title="">[9]</a> Boie didn’t discover that his store had been robbed until the following morning, after which officers were promptly notified and dispatched to look for the thieves. Boie’s store was also robbed a few months prior on July 29th, 1932. The robbers took a single .22 caliber revolver, after entering through a smashed window, and according to the White Bluffs Spokesman, “Nothing else has been missed”<a title="">[10]</a>, meaning the thieves were only after the weapon. No other robberies were reported for the rest of the time that Boie owned his store, which was until his death in April of 1942. H.H. Boie was survived by his wife and children, as evidenced by the announcement of his funeral service in May of 1942.<a title="">[11]</a> Boie’s legacy was one of service: he served as a chaplain in the freemasons in the months before his death, according to the Kennewick Courier-Reporter, in their reporting on the new officers within the freemasons.<a title="">[12]</a> That, in conjunction with owning his store for 31 years adds up to a record of a lifetime of service to the community. Bibliography “Budget Review Board of W.B. School Meets”. The Kennewick Courier-Reporter. May 7, 1942. “Hanford Happenings”. White Bluffs Spokesman. August 4, 1932. “Hanford Happenings”. White Bluffs Spokesman. March 18, 1937. “Liutenant Weihl Now Army Recruiting Officer”. The Kennewick Courier Reporter. January 22, 1942. Kincaid Black, Virginia. “Willard John Kincaid” By M. Jay Haney. Hanford History Project. <a href="http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614">http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614</a> Parker, Martha Berry. Tales Of Richland, White Bluffs and Hanford 1805-1943: Before The Atomic Reserve. Fairfield, Washington: Ye Galleon Press, 1979. “Robbers Blow Safe And Secure $100 in Hanford” The Kennewick Courier-Reporter. November 11, 1915. “To Try Allen Again”. The Kennewick Courier-Reporter. May 25, 1922. “Thieves Loot Boie Store At Hanford Tuesday Night”. White Bluffs Spokesman. November 3, 1932. U.S. Inflation Calculator”. https://www.usinflationcalculator.com/. April 26, 2023. <div> <div> <a title="">[1]</a> “To Try Allen Again”. The Kennewick Courier-Reporter. May 25, 1922. </div> <div> <a title="">[2]</a> Martha Berry Parker, Tales of Richland, White Bluffs & Hanford 1805-1943: Before the Atomic Reserve (Fairfield, Washington:Ye Galleon Press, 1979), pp. 215 </div> <div> <a title="">[3]</a> Virginia Kincaid Black. “Willard John Kincaid” By M. Jay Haney. Hanford History Project. http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614 </div> <div> <a title="">[4]</a> Virginia Kincaid Black. “Willard John Kincaid” By M. Jay Haney. Hanford History Project. http://hanfordhistory.com/items/show/614 </div> <div> <a title="">[5]</a> “Hanford Happenings”. White Bluffs Spokesman. March 18, 1937. </div> <div> <a title="">[6]</a> “Robbers Blow Safe And Secure $100 in Hanford” The Kennewick Courier-Reporter. November 11, 1915. </div> <div> <a title="">[7]</a> “Robbers Blow Safe And Secure $100 in Hanford” The Kennewick Courier-Reporter. November 11, 1915. </div> <div> <a title="">[8]</a> “Thieves Loot Boie Store At Hanford Tuesday Night”. White Bluffs Spokesman. November 3, 1932. </div> <div> <a title="">[9]</a> Thieves Loot Boie Store At Hanford Tuesday Night”. White Bluffs Spokesman. November 3, 1932. </div> <div> <a title="">[10]</a> “Hanford Happenings”. White Bluffs Spokesman. August 4, 1932. </div> <div> <a title="">[11]</a> “Budget Review Board of W.B. School Meets”. The Kennewick Courier-Reporter. May 7, 1942. </div> <div> <a title="">[12]</a> “Liutenant Weihl Now Army Recruiting Officer”. The Kennewick Courier Reporter. January 22, 1942. </div> </div> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The robberies of Hanford and White Bluffs, WA Subject The topic of the resource A virtual guide to the communities displaced when the federal government inaugurated the Manhattan Project on the Hanford Site in 1943. Funded by the Benton County, Washington Historical Preservation Grant. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Written by Mark Schafer Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fa78ce8c0801a1c0046b2a01fc30fd96e.docx cb2d06c71602c0051645d5da5ed01d64 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource B Reactor Museum Association Oral History Collection Description An account of the resource The collection includes 30 video oral histories, 18 audio oral histories, 42 other video tapes, and a binder of notes and correspondence from the Mid Columbia Oral History Association/Coalition. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource B Reactor Museum Association Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1986-2004 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG2P_4B https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fc90cbe0907c6b233f5e2e9b201d4127d.docx 22b8a3cfef3042f91dd30229509ef8ae Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CREHST AV and Oral Histories Description An account of the resource This collection consists of oral histories and audiovisual material held by the CREHST Museum. Part of the collection is oral histories collected by CREHST, both one-on-one and in group settings, the latter recorded public events the museum put on. The collection also includes copyrighted material used for educational purposes. In addition, the collection contains material (oral histories, event programming, and educational material) from the Hanford Science Center, located in the Richland Federal Building, that closed down before the establishment of CREHST. CREHST closed in early 2014. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Columbia River Exhibition of History, Science, and Technology Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1968-2013 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG2P_4A https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F70b9f5695281bb0026cfb3a64a270ff1.docx 503c5ed3fe1658d96f7c0cb3b8054be8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource American Nuclear Society - Eastern Washington Chapter Collection Description An account of the resource This collection was donated by a former secretary, Teresa Tritt, of the American Nuclear Society, in Richland, WA. The collection consists of approximately 600 items, which include documents, photographs, films and other media pertaining to public awareness, education, and advocacy nuclear science and technology. The bulk of which are dated from the 1970s and 1980s. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource American Nuclear Society Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG5A https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F0802c900182e1b5c7e38f408bd64aa6d.docx 96377d3a6fb4b00776a01f969034e1c8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bill Kennedy Document Collection Description An account of the resource This collection consists of various reports and literature collected by Bill Kennedy during his career in waste control at the Hanford Site. This material is published but not readily available in the library or public document system. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG4N https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F5f48c5742bbe5a6b005230ebb7b45a1a.doc 9653e3aad4e552ac04b5d211f225d900 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Battelle's Company Newsletter (Greenie) Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Battelle Pacific Northwest Division Publications Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Columbia River Exhibition of History, Science, and Technology Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1974-1997 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG4M https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F3fd976eef93de3dc4929d849c6264005.doc 00f8efa90d1496df83ed8deb9599a86f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Louise and Elmer Foskett Tri-City Performing Arts and Hanford Science Center Collection Description An account of the resource Collection contains music programs, newspaper clippings, photographs, and other miscellaneous items from and about various acting, chorale, and orchestra groups from the Tri-Cities including the Richland Meistersingers, Richland Light Opera Company, Richland Players, Richland String Quartet, Treble Clef, Columbia Chorale, Richland Symphony Orchestra (and Chorale Society) and Mid-Columbia Symphony Orchestra. Collection also contains newspaper clippings, photographs, and other miscellaneous items regarding Elmer Foskett as host of the Hanford Science Center. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Columbia River Exhibition of History, Science, and Technology Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG4L Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Columbia River Exhibition of History, Science, and Technology https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fa9488c6a37ae04873b1d93c519ae66cf.doc 64c9e4e50b02e9e60b578de0af5c30af Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Richland Teen Canteen, Inc. and "The Hut" Subject The topic of the resource Coffee House Description An account of the resource Collection contains 1.) tax information (1968-1969); 2.) Richland Teen Canteen, Inc. Bylaws, Articles of Incorporation, building lease, inventory information, operating instructions, employee information (SSNs cannot be released), and lists of names, addresses, and telephone numbers; 3.) information on coffee houses; 4.) miscellaneous flyers and information from bulletin boards in coffee house; 5.) 1958 Richland and West Richland Telephone Directory; 6.) Recreational map of Richland; and 7.) 1967 Richland Annual Report. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richland Teen Canteen, Inc. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Columbia River Exhibition of History, Science, and Technology Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG4K https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F7cf796f8abf5b4e0d52da6140f6cc9c9.docx 8996c20d30cf8d315b557887fcede481 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Arlys D. Wineinger Day's Pay Collection Description An account of the resource The collection includes archive and artifact material from the Day’s Pay bomber and the Army Air Corps career of Arlys Wineinger. The artifacts are all from the Day’s Pay bomber. The archival material includes records of Arlys’ study materials for the Army Air Corps pilot test, photographs taken from the Day’s Pay bomber in action, and letters and cards from Hanford Engineer Works employees to Arlys. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Arlys D. Wineinger Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1942-1945 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG4J https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F1442d4d1ac2f2ac6cf15c488498fe84f.docx 03606ad65ac5f928ba0b88e174745842 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Richland Villager Description An account of the resource From issue no. 1: “Villagers Inc., a non-profit organization open to all residents of Richland and nearby tract homes in the area, was formed here last month for the purpose of ‘providing means for contributing to the welfare, recreation, comfort, entertainment, and education of all persons residing here.’ Operating under the direction of a temporary board of directors and officers, representing all the major groups in the village, Villagers, Inc., is already publishing a weekly newspaper (the first issue of which is in your hands)…” H. Hayden Rector is credited with the idea of a village-wide organization to provide newspaper, library, and other cultural/educational services to Richland. Donald I. Graham Jr., was named the temporary president of Villagers, Inc., in 1945. The newspaper had an initial weekly run as “The Villager” from March 8, 1945 September 13, 1945. The September 20 issue saw a name change to “The Richland Villager” and a larger newsprint format until publication ceased on March 2, 1950, with the final issue in vol V, no. 53. The collection at Hanford History Project goes until December 12, 1949. There is a break in publication and at some point in the 1950s the Richland Villager picked up publication. Hanford History Project Collections start at vol. VI, no. 42 on April 21, 1960 and proceed until May 31, 1963. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Villagers, Inc. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1945-1963 Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG4I https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F6e5c25a11830017a16edca0c001e8e87.docx 971b99760353f094487f5804320e8cf8 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Michael Hill Pasco Holding and Reconsignment Point Collection Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents pertaining to the Pasco Holding and Reconsignment Point, a supply depot in operation during Hanford construction in 1943. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Pasco Holding and Reconsignment Point Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1943 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F7963866badf89854128aa57d17596b3b.docx d83355a5bef55182a51bb951eef79037 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harry and Juanita Anderson Collection (Hanford-White Bluffs Pioneer Association) Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents pertaining to the residents of White Bluffs, Hanford, and the surrounding areas that were forced by the government to sell their land and leave the area, in order to make way for the Manhattan Project. Housed in the collection is information regarding the reunions and picnics that were held for the families affected by the relocation. There are numerous correspondences that give an intimate look into the thoughts and feelings of the residents who were forced to sell their land; and where they ended up years later. There are land appraisals from the government documenting how much each tract of land was worth. Also included are several maps that give a more in depth look at who owned each plot of land, and where it was located in respect to where the town was. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford-White Bluffs Pioneer Association Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F947ca12d76de5c3f0447a7b935ebdf7f.docx e397b5ea55887c4b86034ccd6524b507 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Emmett Moore Hanford Environmental Issues Collection Description An account of the resource This collection consists of documents (the bulk of which are from the 1980s and 1990s) pertaining to environmental issues at the Hanford Nuclear Site. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F669df493dee4eb0b6840ee2ebc924088.docx a458b74fb356ebfe8243ef5eac1270be Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Wilfred E. Johnson Collection Description An account of the resource The collection contains newspaper clippings, correspondence, photographs, speeches/presentations, publication by Wilfrid E. Johnson, and other miscellaneous documents (i.e. programs, invitations, books and booklets, personal research materials, etc.). The bulk of the documents cover Wilfrid E. Johnson’s U. S. Atomic Energy Commission terms (1966-1972). Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Columbia River Exhibition of History, Science, and Technology Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fcc935eed6fd84f2ec54f2ba0132e0947.docx 12aa2465d466b2bba89db20e2241e0de Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford History Project Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archive collections held by the Hanford History Project at WSU Tri-Cities. The Hanford History Project collections generally relate to Hanford, but encompassing material outside of the Department of Energy Hanford Collection scope. This focus includes the town of Richland, pre-1943 and post-1990 Hanford Site history, and materials relating to Hanford not produced on the Hanford Site during the Manhattan Project and Cold War. See list of finding aids for specific collections. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource CHREST Museum Collection Description An account of the resource The CREHST collection contained numerous documents including maps, books, articles, and brochures relaying the history of Hanford and the Tri-Cities. The CREHST collection chronicles the research and lifestyles of the Hanford workers, as well as how Hanford helped shaped the Tri-Cities, as well as important events that have occurred throughout the Tri-Cities. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Columbia River Exhibition of History, Science, and Technology Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F8a644fe99189c4612e11da2bfc71944f.rtf 0a52de6f7a20c0a25028c3fb920b75e2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Russian Visits to Hanford Description An account of the resource The collection contains color photographs, color transparencies, color copies of photographs, and contact sheets. These all relate to the Russian visits to the Hanford Site in the 1990s and early 2000s. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project/Department of Energy https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F5bad99314c51d616bcab8f28756d96d7.rtf 85775a3d70e1e8c703b5497e9c9aa3d6 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource N Reactor Archive Collection Description An account of the resource Artist's renditions, photocopies, maps, blueprints, magazine, a report, and a document. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project/Department of Energy https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F58d870eb9879ba6754c155dc72cd8c4e.rtf 87dbf969d0daa7bcb6cf5094507fa89f Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford Site Newspaper Collection Description An account of the resource Twenty-four (24) bound volumes of the Hanford sites employee and contractor employee newspaper from 1947 to 1982. Through the years it has had name changes, publisher changes, frequency of publication changes, and format changes. Seventeen volumes have been titled "Hanford GE News" from 1947 until 1964 and corresponds with the following newspaper titles and date: Hanford Works News 1947 - 1954 and General Electric News 1955 - 1964. Three volumes have been titled "Hanford Project News" (1965-1966, 1967-1968, 1969-1970) and corresponds to the newspaper title Hanford Project News. Four volumes have been titled "Hanford News" (1971-1972, 1973-1975, 1976-1978, and 1979-1982) and corresponds to the newspaper title Hanford News. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project/Department of Energy https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F7f1b98cde2c1e9d2d8ca56e9f33ae935.rtf c66824664820214adf6bac5fd0664f67 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford Site Map Collection Description An account of the resource The collection contains maps and blueprints. A detailed list of the collection includes: Maps of Reactor Areas 100-B, 100-C, 100-D, 100-DR, 100-F, 100-H, 100-K, 100N, Separation Areas 200E and 200W, Metal Preparation Area 300, a mileage chart for paved roads in the Hanford Area, 300 Area, 700 Area, general Hanford Area maps, 3000 Area, 1100 Area, blueprints of the federal building including two pages of the ground floor and one page each of the first, second, third, fourth, fifth, sixth, and seventh floor plans. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project/Department of Energy https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Ff90a309e004baaf57a7ed7845d3672d7.rtf a0f8b30d08eaee99d5560cadc074710b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford Site Contractor Newspaper Description An account of the resource Four bound volumes of Rockwell News from 1977 - 1987. Titles and dates of volumes as follows: Rockwell News 1977-1979, 1980-1982, 1983-1985, and 1986-1987. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project/Department of Energy https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fb29f207d42514e35328f0ea656e74f6a.rtf 4fff6a58e4420c7e76529ed5b105dbca Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford Reach Newspaper Collection Description An account of the resource The Hanford Reach was published by Westinghouse Hanford Company from 11/1990 - 1997 then by Fluor Daniel Hanford (later Fluor Hanford) until 9/2003. It was first published only for Westinghouse employees, then in 1994 for all the Hanford site contractors' employees. There are thirteen bound volumes. The newspaper was a place for employees to find out what was going on around the site and with the various contractors, and as a place where concerns and ideas could be voiced by the employees. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project/Department of Energy https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Ff9b6190e2b8356691bf2cdee9ab02743.rtf 3fbda1d4b92248fc378c23e0b2989f26 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 622-R Hanford Meteorological Station Documents Description An account of the resource Documents were from a walkthrough of the 622-R Building, Hanford Meteorological Station, on December 5, 2007. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F976c50b6822d42ec649ccee4ce716043.rtf 39edecca9fdd39625efc302f452f6d8b Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 100 KE Work Permit Collection Description An account of the resource Creator of the collection is unknown. __ __The 100 KE Work Permit Collection was deposited by Thomas Marceau, employed by Hanford Site Contractor to the U. S. Department of Energy, Richland Operations, on October 19, 1999. The collection arrived in a wood card file box. The collection contains various work permits, work request forms, tags, and card dividers; some are filled out and some are blank. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fd1f38c4d273f00c2cd1f013819370a98.rtf 3b0676c59f4203969ff3b7bc765f6981 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Don Sorenson 2018 Collection Description An account of the resource These materials cover plutonium processing and reactor use at the Hanford Site, specifically focused on the 200 areas (PFP and PRF), the PRTR, and the FFTF (LMBFR). Included are design criteria, standards, and training manuals. Photos of the 234 and 222 Buildings. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Franklin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fd1169115aec35a505d43e07dba6b65f0.rtf 4c9586e1d7237ee4757321aa8439dee0 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource A. Paul Vinther Reactor Training/Certification Collection Description An account of the resource Arthur Paul Vinther arrived at the Hanford Site on June 26, 1950 and worked at Hanford for 38 years. Vinther held dual bachelors degrees in Physics and Teaching and originally took a job with GE at hte B Reactor. His career includes working on the startup crew for C and K reactors, operations manager at N, plant manager at B reactor (when it was shut down), and the 300 area. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Franklin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F7e0ec675bc2a61adabc60e0da6b0a261.rtf 4d3f8bbf0a68d4f7e78bcf19ef332b52 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource C. W. Higby Records (HASI_2018_004) Description An account of the resource Little is known about the creator of the collection except that he worked at 165K Power House and on the Fast Flux Test Facility Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Franklin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F48c89caa83e213881d6bb66268f6b016.rtf d6a1c566206767e4d384bd985c2212e2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource J. S. Buckingham Collection (HASI_2018_002) Description An account of the resource J. Steve Buckingham first came to the Hanford Site in 1947 to work as a Chemist at the T Plant. Buckingham spent more than 40 years on the site in different chemistry positions working for various contractors. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Franklin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F8db2adb24c93b8450a7311dd8fdc3b61.rtf c976c45044424d52037471a297336200 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Department of Energy Hanford Collection Finding Aids Description An account of the resource Finding aids for archival collections in the Department of Energy Hanford Collection, managed by WSU Tri-Cities Hanford History Project. Collections are open and available for research. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford History Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Department of Energy Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Worrel Collection Finding Aid (HASI_2018_001) Description An account of the resource Records of the Worrel family employment at Hanford. Fred Worrel worked for Hanford Patrol beginning in the Manhattan Project. His wife Maxine worked at some point at the 222-S labs. Their son, John, worked at PUREX. Materials include photographs, patrol documents, employment documents, medical history, and site newspapers. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Robert Franklin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F4659aead86d059624ce8d9529ff83f22.pdf 8eb6bfbf6b29ec42a581c5d66e9b2046 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Haynes Family Photographs Description An account of the resource Photographs shared by the family descendants of Manley Bostwick Haynes. Haynes, along with Cornelius Hanford, was one of the founders of the Hanford Irrigation and Power Company and the town of Hanford. Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG1D_4E Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Books in the Hanford, Wash. Library" about 1912, listed by Cora Haynes Clark Description An account of the resource A listing of books held in the Hanford, Washington library. Hanford was one of the three towns removed to make way for the Hanford Nuclear Site. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cora Haynes Clark Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1912 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG_1D_4E_055 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F0ed298cc9ace34b5877f65a734c32fe2.pdf a8da4dada28f84cc9c568a14d3441cb6 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Printed Brochure Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 14 x 20 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource N-Reactor From Conception... To Reality Description An account of the resource 14 x 20 cm: N-Reactor Brochure made by General Electric Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource General Electric Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available General Electric Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Printed Brochure Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context N-Reator_FCTR_002 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F702a63d82ed6f62f2ed0f8a64e19c75b.pdf b02107c99b583275d8a3f4eab456636d Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Printed Brochure Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 14 x 20 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource N-Reactor From Conception... To Reality Description An account of the resource 14 x 20 cm: N-Reactor Brochure made by General Electric Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource General Electric Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available General Electric Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Printed Brochure Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context N-Reator_FCTR_001 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F00bf62fd330db6dc084fde58a76326cd.pdf d827c3e168f3f492f1f462d59ebe80a6 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Printed Brochure Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 27 x 20 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Arid Lands Ecology Brochure Description An account of the resource 27 x 20cm: Brochure for the Arid Lands Ecology Project Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Battelle Northwest Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Printed Brochure Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context ALE_Brochure_001 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F2f7336d8f6f9e8c433aa21a8b28a9dad.pdf c6ca765d48d7695fe89e1ab0b260f7bd Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Printed Booklet Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 15 x 23 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Hanford Story Description An account of the resource 15 x 23 cm: AEC booklet recounting the history of Hanford from the Manhattan Project to the N-Reactor Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource AEC-ITT/FSS Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AEC-ITT/FSS Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Printed Booklet Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context The_Hanford_Story001 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Ff73d142349aeb18f37b7a2ba6814aba0.pdf 1c5f285d0b2b0e9236ac93110cc33b5a Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Printed Brochure Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 28.5 x 23 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Hanford Science Center Brochure Description An account of the resource Brochure advertising the Hanford Science Center Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available AEC-RL Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Printed Brochure Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Hanford_Science_Center_Brocure_001 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F71319f48250d0d4146567ea85aa62ac9.tif 64e726f9aa1036f1f9ff52cadc62e440 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Printed booklet Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 20 x 20 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fast Flux Test Facility Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Engineering Development Laboratory Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Westinghouse Hanford Company Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1970 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tiff Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Printed Booklet Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Fast Flux_Test_Facility_HEDL001 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F5b89a8303aa010a28ab062349ab288d7.tif d5df82453a83d5eda2c6718a06e514a1 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Physical booklet Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 21.5 x 28 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Radioactive Waste Management Subject The topic of the resource waste management Description An account of the resource 21.5 x 28 cm: Booklet showing the process of waste management at Hanford Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Atlantic Richfield Hanford Company Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Atlantic Richfield Hanford Company Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 1971 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tiff Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Physical booklet Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Radioactive Waste Management at Hanford001 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fa58322f33e40b2caa814d4163d9cd7cf.tif a5a2e1b7a7b381186be82462e91d245d Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Physical Brochure Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 24 x 24 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource FFTF Transition in Power to LMFBR Description An account of the resource 24 x 24 cm: Brochure for breeder reactors and the Fast Flux Test Facility Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available WACO Corporation Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tiff Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Physical Brochure Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context FFTF Transition in Power001 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fe93b5c8682ef2176385c00e0fc883c73.tif b77c9a8b8a8f1758ca68a1b8d020d96e Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Physical Brochure Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 22 x 28 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource The Future is Here Today! Description An account of the resource Westinghouse Hanford Company brochure for attracting new workers. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Westinghouse Hanford Company Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Westinghouse Hanford Company Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 1979 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource tiff Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Brochure Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context Westinghouse Hanford Company - The Future is Here Today Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fe4a8b3028a922b352f79703fffa0c02f.pdf 5e83e11547bb98017bd8ea32a20a30ac Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource A weekly newspaper for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 22.5 x 30.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel March 3, 1944 Subject The topic of the resource Safety; War work; War bonds & funds Description An account of the resource 22.5x30.5 cm. 4 pages. A weekly publication for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Includes coverage of work at Hanford, WWII news, and classified ads for area businesses. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Engineer Works Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Engineer Works Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 3/3/1944 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF/A Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASI_2004_012_8 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 5/27/2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F960cdde861a66d37b56d240271ee2a22.pdf 734eaa6a937e16bbb78339c9a2ef78ef Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource A weekly newspaper for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 22.5 x 30.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel February 25, 1944 Subject The topic of the resource Safety; War work; War bonds & funds Description An account of the resource 22.5x30.5 cm. 4 pages. A weekly publication for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Includes coverage of work at Hanford, WWII news, and classified ads for area businesses. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Engineer Works Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Engineer Works Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2/25/1944 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF/A Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASI_2004_012_7 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 5/27/2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F3328e188c5a5799ac898b94f262e163e.pdf 90bdfe542ab683a55e153efdef3afb6e Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource A weekly newspaper for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 22.5 x 30.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel February 4, 1944 Subject The topic of the resource Safety; War work; War bonds & funds Description An account of the resource 22.5x30.5 cm. 4 pages. A weekly publication for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Includes coverage of work at Hanford, WWII news, and classified ads for area businesses. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Engineer Works Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Engineer Works Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2/4/1944 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF/A Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASI_2004_012_5 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 5/27/2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F69da0b0ec596f4d49447c02f50a346f0.pdf dcd02d25779f336ab06284d3e98420a2 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource A weekly newspaper for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 22.5 x 30.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel February 11, 1944 Subject The topic of the resource Safety; War work; War bonds & funds Description An account of the resource 22.5x30.5 cm. 4 pages. A weekly publication for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Includes coverage of work at Hanford, WWII news, and classified ads for area businesses. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Engineer Works Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Engineer Works Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2/11/1944 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF/A Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASI_2004_012_6 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 5/27/2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F4e3d3bdf69b17e522ba3916c7e1c961c.pdf 16f9b2312e9ce3c5c45367a34d7c1184 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource A weekly newspaper for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 22.5 x 30.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel January 28, 1944 Subject The topic of the resource Safety; War work; War bonds & funds Description An account of the resource 22.5x30.5 cm. 4 pages. A weekly publication for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Includes coverage of work at Hanford, WWII news, and classified ads for area businesses. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Engineer Works Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Engineer Works Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1/28/1944 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF/A Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASI_2004_012_4 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 5/27/2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F18c98f2f146244dad47847d9a31aab33.pdf 7c5f75350d36264ce4639b2063a9702a Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel Subject The topic of the resource Newspapers Description An account of the resource A weekly newspaper for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford History Project at Washington State University Tri-Cities Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Newspaper Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 22.5 x 30.5 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Sage Sentinel January 21, 1944 Subject The topic of the resource Safety; War work; War bonds & funds Description An account of the resource 22.5x30.5 cm. 4 pages. A weekly publication for employees of the Hanford Engineer Works. Includes coverage of work at Hanford, WWII news, and classified ads for area businesses. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Hanford Engineer Works Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Hanford Engineer Works Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 1/21/1944 Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Those interested in reproducing part or all of this collection should contact the Hanford History Project at ourhanfordhistory@tricity.wsu.edu, who can provide specific rights information for these items. Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF/A Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspapers Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context HASI_2001_007_2 Date Created Date of creation of the resource. 5/27/2022 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2Fb4ed54bf6323804f78636e57d586236e.tif 7964d631ea74639dbdc50c675773dde1 https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F31ecf5a245c53842a56c095b82c69a35.tif eaf9510ffbe442e337cd27e82e834740 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Haynes Family Photographs Description An account of the resource Photographs shared by the family descendants of Manley Bostwick Haynes. Haynes, along with Cornelius Hanford, was one of the founders of the Hanford Irrigation and Power Company and the town of Hanford. Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG1D_4E Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Letter Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 21.5 x 28 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Hanford Rememberance Subject The topic of the resource Writing; Reminiscing Description An account of the resource 1 Letter: 21.5 x 28 cm. Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource For permission to publish please contact Hanford History Project, Washington State University Tri-Cities (509) 372-7447 or ourhanfordhistory@wsu.edu Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/tiff Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Letter Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG1D_4E_053; RG1D_4E_054 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Original photograph was scanned in grayscale at 600 dpi on an Epson Expression 11000XL scanner and saved as tiff files. https://s3-us-west-2.amazonaws.com/omeka-hhp%2Foriginal%2F17bf426269fdcd6be0315d1cb5515144.tif 60769c91ff3d9ebd2275dee3baab9fa5 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Haynes Family Photographs Description An account of the resource Photographs shared by the family descendants of Manley Bostwick Haynes. Haynes, along with Cornelius Hanford, was one of the founders of the Hanford Irrigation and Power Company and the town of Hanford. Language A language of the resource English Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG1D_4E Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Photographic prints Physical Dimensions The actual physical size of the original image 21.5 x 28 cm Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Milton B Haynes Obituary Subject The topic of the resource Clippings; Newspaper Description An account of the resource 1 Newspaper Clipping: 21.5 x 28 cm. Obituary of M.B. Haynes Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource For permission to publish please contact Hanford History Project, Washington State University Tri-Cities (509) 372-7447 or ourhanfordhistory@wsu.edu Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource image/tiff Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Photographic print Identifier An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context RG1D_4E_052 Date Available Date (often a range) that the resource became or will become available. 2022 Provenance A statement of any changes in ownership and custody of the resource since its creation that are significant for its authenticity, integrity, and interpretation. The statement may include a description of any changes successive custodians made to the resource. Original photograph was scanned in grayscale at 600 dpi on an Epson Expression 11000XL scanner and saved as tiff files.